Q2-30E

Question

A cat walks in a straight line, which we shall call the \(x\)-axis, with the positive direction to the right. As an observant physicist, you make measurements of this cat’s motion and construct a graph of the feline’s velocity as a function of time (Fig. E2.30). (a) Find the cat’s velocity at \(t = 4.0\,s\) and at \(t = 7.0\,s\).

Step-by-Step Solution

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Answer

Hence, the required velocities are 

\({v_{4\,s}} = 2.68{\rm{ cm/s and }}{v_{7\,s}} = 1.31{\rm{ cm/s}}\).

1Step 1: Velocity and Acceleration

The measurement of change of displacement with respect to time is known as velocity, whereas that of velocity with respect to time is known as acceleration.

2Step 2: Examine the given graph (a)

The given graph for cat's velocity as a function of time is:


From the graph, the acceleration can be evaluated as:

\(a = \frac{{\Delta v}}{{\Delta t}} = \frac{{0 - 8}}{{6 - 0}} \approx  - 1.33{\rm{ cm/}}{{\rm{s}}^2}\)

Now, using \({v_t} = {v_0} + at\), at \(t = 4\,s\), the velocity of cat is: 

\(\begin{aligned}{v_{4\,s}} = 8 - \left( {1.33 \times 4} \right)\\ = 2.68{\rm{ cm/s}}\end{aligned}\)

3Step 3: Find velocity

Similarly, at \(t = 7\,s\), the velocity of cat is: 

\(\begin{aligned}{v_{7\,s}} = 8 - \left( {1.33 \times 7} \right)\\ = 1.31{\rm{ cm/s}}\end{aligned}\) 

 

Hence, the required velocities are 

\({v_{4\,s}} = 2.68{\rm{ cm/s and }}{v_{7\,s}} = 1.31{\rm{ cm/s}}\).