Q.2-2-11P - Organic Chemistry (Mcmurry)

Question

Question: Nitric acid (HNO₃) reacts with ammonia (NH₃) to yield ammonium nitrate. Write the reaction, and identify the acid, the base, the conjugate acid product, and the conjugate base product.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Answer:

${\text{H-NO}}_3\text{+}\mathbf{\text{:}}{\text{NH}}_3{{\text{⇆NO}}_3}^{-}{{\text{+NH}}_4}^{+}$

Acid          Base      Conjugate   Conjugate

base           acid

 

Step 1: Neutralization

It is an example of neutralization reaction, as it involves the reaction between an acid and a base.

Step 2:Bronsted-Lowry definition of acid and bases

In the Bronsted-lowry definition of acid and bases, an acid is a proton (H⁺) donor, and base is a proton acceptor.When Bronsted-Lowry acid loses a proton, a conjugate base is formed. Similarly, when a Bronsted-Lowry base gains a proton, a conjugate acid is formed.

Step 3: Reaction of Nitric Acid (HNO 3 ) with Ammonia (NH 3 )

When an acid loses a proton, the product is the conjugate base of the acid. When a base gains the proton, the product is the conjugate acid of the base.

${\text{H-NO}}_3\text{+}\mathbf{\text{:}}{\text{NH}}_3{{\text{⇆NO}}_3}^{-}{{\text{+NH}}_4}^{+}$

Acid           Base      Conjugate   Conjugate

base           acid