Q18-3TYU. - Campbell Biology

Question

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

(A)    a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.

(B)    transcriptional control of gene expression

(C)    the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.

(D)    post-translational control activates certain proteins.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(A)    The option “a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning” is false.

(B)    The option “transcriptional control of gene expression” is true.

(C)    The option “the stimulation of translation by initiation factors” is false.

(D)    The option “post-translational control that activates certain proteins” is false.

Step 1: Transcription

Transcription is the process that produces mRNA from the DNA as the template. The enzyme involved in the process of transcription is a polymerase.

Step 2: Explanation of option “(A)”

The gene that needs to be transcribed can be turned on or off. The initiation of the transcription process occurs in the promoter of both prokaryotic wells as eukaryotic organisms.

The function of the enhancer is not similar to the functioning of the prokaryotic promoter.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Step 3: Explanation of option “(B)”

The enhancers are the sequence present in the gene that improves the transcription process. These are the DNA regulatory elements present in the gene. The transcription factors get bound to the enhancer to cause the gene expression. 

 

So, the enhancers are the transcriptional controls that are present in the gene.

Therefore, the given option is true.

Step 4: Explanation of option “(C)”

The translation is the protein synthesis that takes place in the ribosome. Enhancers are involved in the process of transcription. They do not have a connection to the translation process. 

The enhancer does not have the role in the initiation factors that activate the process of translation.

Therefore, the given option is false.

Step 5: Explanation of option “(D)”

Post-translation modifications are the final changes that are done in the protein to activate the protein functioning. The enhancer does not perform this role since it is associated with the process of transcription.

Enhancers are not associated with post-translation modification.

Therefore, the given option is false.