Q14.2 P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

(a) What trends, if any, exist for Zeff across a period and down a group? 

(b) How does Zeff influence atomic size, IE1, and EN across a period?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a) According to Zeff, an effective nuclear charge increases considerably over time.

b) As a voltage rises, the outer electrons are pulled closer together, reducing the atomic size from the left to the right.

Step 1: (a) If Z eff has any tendencies over time and down a group, what are they?

According to Z_eff, the effective nuclear charge grows rapidly over time, and Z_eff drops down a group slightly.

Step 2: (b) What effect does Z eff have on atomic size?

Over time, an atomic size decreases from the left to the right: The outer electrons are drawn closer as a voltage rises.

Over time, IE tends to shift from the left to the right: A higher Z_eff keeps electrons in place better.

EN typically grows from the left to the right over time. A higher Z_eff and shorter distances from a nucleus enhance a shared pair's attraction.