Q13E - Chemistry (OpenStax)

Question

Predict which of the following compounds are ionic and which are covalent, based on the location of their constituent atoms in the periodic table: 

(a) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{CO}}\) (b) \({\rm{MnO}}\) (c) \({\rm{NC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}\) (d) \({\rm{CoB}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}\) (e) \({{\rm{K}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S}}\) (f) \({\rm{CO}}\) (g) \({\rm{Ca}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\) (h) \({\rm{HI}}\) (i) \({\rm{CaO}}\) (j) \({\rm{IBr}}\) (k) \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\) .

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The ionic compounds are: \({\rm{MnO, CoB}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{, }}{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S, Ca}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\) and \({\rm{CaO}}\).

The covalent compounds are: \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{CO, NC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{, CO, HI, IBr}}\) and \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\).

Step 1: Define Chemical Bonding

A chemical bond is a long-term attraction between atoms, ions, or molecules that allows chemical compounds to form.

Step 2: Predicting that the ions are ionic or covalent?

Based on the location of the elements in the periodic table: If the elements in a compound are close to one another in the periodic table, the bond is more likely to be covalent, but if the elements are far apart, the bond is more likely to be ionic.

Now, based on the above reasoning, we may conclude that:

Ionic compounds include\({\rm{MnO, CoB}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{, }}{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S, Ca}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\), and \({\rm{CaO}}\), whereas covalent compounds include\({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{CO, NC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{, CO, HI, IBr}}\), and \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\).

Therefore, Ionic include \({\rm{MnO, CoB}}{{\rm{r}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{, }}{{\rm{K}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{S, Ca}}{{\rm{F}}_{\rm{2}}}\), and \({\rm{CaO}}\), as well as covalent compounds are \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{2}}}{\rm{CO, NC}}{{\rm{l}}_{\rm{3}}}{\rm{, CO, HI, IBr}}\), and \({\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{2}}}\).