Q13-111P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

What is Brownian motion, and what causes it?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

 Brownian motion is random movement of particles in liquid or gas. 

The collides of particles with surrounding molecules cause Brownian motion.

Step 1: Brownian motion

Brownian motion refers to the random movement displayed by small particles that are suspended in fluids. Brownian movement is the term that best describes it. In general Brownian motion is the random movement of particles in a liquid or gas. Even in the absence of any outside causes, this movement takes place.

Step 2: Causes of Brownian motion

When particles strike nearby molecules, Brownian motion happens, causing the molecules to move erratically. When a concentration gradient causes the movement of particles, this is known as an induced diffusion of particles.