Q11P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

Which types of atomic orbitals of the central atom mix to form hybrid orbitals in 

(a) SiCIH₃ ; (b) CS₂ ; (c) SCI₃F ; (d) NF₃ ?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

1. One 3s and three 3p orbital
2. One 2s and one 2p orbital
3. One 3s and three 3p orbital
4. One 2s and three 2p orbital

Step1: For SiCIH 3

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals and the formation of new hybrid orbitals.

The central silicon atom forms sp³ hybridized orbitals in which one 3s and three 3p orbitals are mixed to form four hybrid orbitals.

Hence, one s and three p atomic orbitals of silicon mix to form sp³ hybrid orbitals.

Step2: For CS 2

The central carbon atom forms sp hybridized orbitals in which one 2s and one 2p orbital is mixed to form two hybrid orbitals.

Hence, one s and one p atomic orbitals of carbon mix to form sp hybrid orbitals.

Step3: For SCI 3 F

The central silicon atom forms sp³ hybridized orbitals in which one 3s and three 3p orbitals are mixed to form four hybrid orbitals.

Hence, one s and three p atomic orbitals of silicon mix to form sp³ hybrid orbitals.

Step4: For NF 3

The central nitrogen atom forms sp³ hybridized orbitals in which one 2s and three 2p orbitals are mixed to form four hybrid orbitals.

Hence, one s and three p atomic orbitals of nitrogen mix to form sp³ hybrid orbitals.