Q11P - Mathematical Methods in Physical Sciences

Question

Verify each of the following by using equations (11.4), (12.2), and (12.3).

$\mathit{c}\mathit{o}\mathit{s}{\mathit{h}}^{\mathbf{2}}\mathit{z}\mathbf{-}\mathit{s}\mathit{i}\mathit{n}{\mathit{h}}^{\mathbf{2}}\mathit{z}\mathbf{=}\mathbf{1}$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The equation ${\cosh }^2\mathrm{z}-{\sinh }^2 \mathrm{z}=1$ is verified using the equations (11.4), (12.2) and (12.3).

Step 1: Given Information

Given equation is ${\cosh }^2\mathrm{z}-{\sinh }^2 \mathrm{z}=1$

Step 2: Definition of Hyperbolic Function.

The term "Hyperbolic Function" refers to the relationship between a point on a hyperbola's distance from its origin and its coordinate axes, expressed as a function of an angle.

Step 3: Use exponential form to expand the equation

Write the exponential form of the given equation.

$\sin h\left(z\right)=\frac{e^{\left(z\right)}-e^{\left(-z\right)}}{2}$                                                                                                     …(1)

$\cos h\left(z\right)=\frac{e^{\left(z\right)}+e^{\left(-z\right)}}{2}$                                                                                                   …(2)

 

Square both the exponential form i.e. equation (1) and (2).

${\sinh }^2\left(\mathrm{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}{\left[\exp \left(\mathrm{z}\right)-\exp \left(-\mathrm{z}\right)\right]}^2$

${\sinh }^2\left(\mathrm{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left[\exp \left(2\mathrm{z}\right)+\exp \left(-2\mathrm{z}\right)-2\right]$                                                                           …(3)

$\cos h^2\left(\mathrm{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}{\left[\exp \left(\mathrm{z}\right)+\exp \left(-\mathrm{z}\right)\right]}^2$

$\cos h^2\left(\mathrm{z}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left[\exp \left(2\mathrm{z}\right)+\exp \left(-2\mathrm{z}\right)+2\right]$                                                                         …(4)

 

Subtract the square terms of exponential form i.e. equation (3) and (4).

$$\begin{gathered} \cos h^2\left(\mathrm{z}\right)-\sin h^2\left(z\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left[\exp \left(2\mathrm{z}\right)+\exp \left(-2\mathrm{z}\right)+2\right]-\frac{1}{4}\left[\exp \left(2\mathrm{z}\right)+\exp \left(-2\mathrm{z}\right)+2\right] \\ =\frac{1}{4}\left[4\right] \\ =1 \end{gathered}$$

Hence the equation is verified.