Q10E
Question
Write the chemical formula, condensed formula, and Lewis structure for each of the following hydrocarbons:
(a) heptane
(b) 3-methylhexane
(c) trans-3-heptene
(d) 4-methyl-1-hexene
(e) 2-heptyne
(f) 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyne
Step-by-Step Solution
VerifiedPhotographs of each structure are available.
We have heptane here.
Heptane is an alkane, which indicates that all of its \(C - C\) bonds are saturated.
Heptane is made up of seven carbon atoms linked together by six single bonds.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
It should have \(2n + 2\) atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkane.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{16}}\).
We have 3-methylhexane here.
3-methylhexane is an alkane, meaning it is made up entirely of saturated \(C - C\) bonds.
7 carbon atoms are linked by 6 single bonds to form 3-methylhexane.
Instead of one H atom as a substituent, there is a methyl group on the third carbon atom in a 6-membered straight chain.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
What is heptane's molecular formula?
It should have \(2n + 2\) H atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkane.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{16}}\).
We have trans -3-heptene here.
The alkene trans-3-heptene has one unsaturated \(C = C\) bond, making it an alkene.
7 carbon atoms are joined by 5 single bonds and one double bond on carbon 3 to form trans-3-heptene.
As the name implies, trans-3-heptene has a trans configuration around the double bond,
meaning that the same substituents are on opposite sides of the double bond.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
What is trans-3-heptene's molecular formula?
It should have \(2n\)H atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkene.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{14}}\).
We have 4-methyl-1-hexene here.
The alkene 4-methyl-l-hexene has one unsaturated C=C bond, making it an alkene.
The carbon atoms in 4-methyl-l-hexene are joined by 5 single bonds and one double bond on carbon 1.
Its name indicates that it is 4-methyl, indicating that the methyl group resides on carbon 4.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
What is trans-3-heptene's molecular formula?
It should have \(2n\)H atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkene.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{14}}\).
We have 2-heptyne here.
The alkyne 2-heptyne has one unsaturated \(C \equiv C\) bond, making it an alkyne.
On carbon 2, 2-heptyne is made up of 7 carbon atoms joined by 5 single bonds and one triple bond.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
What is 2-heptyne's molecular formula?
It should have \(2n - 2H\) atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkene.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{12}}\).
This is 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyne.
The alkyne 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyne has one unsaturated \(C \equiv C\) bond, making it an alkyne.
The carbon atoms in 3,4-dimethyl-1-pentyne are joined by 5 single bonds and one triple bond on carbon 1.
It has methyl groups at carbon 3 and 4 as its name suggests.
H atoms are assigned to each carbon atom according to organic chemistry regulations.
What is 2-heptyne's molecular formula?
It should have \(2n - 2H\) atoms on n carbon atoms because it's an alkene.
This indicates that it has the chemical formula \({C_7}{H_{12}}\).
Photographs of each structure are available.