Q. 9.43 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

For each of the following solutions, calculate the:

a. grams of $25\% (m/m) LiN{O}_3$ solution that contains $5.0 g of LiN{O}_3.$

b. milliliters of $10.0\% (m/v) KOH$ solution that contains $40.0 g of KOH.$

c. milliliters of $10.0\% (v/v)$ formic acid solution that contains $20.0 mL$ of formic acid.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(part a) $20.0$ grams of$25\% (m/m) LiN{O}_3$ solution that contains $5.0 g of LiN{O}_3.$

(part b) $400$ milliliters of$10.0\% (m/v) KOH$ solution that contains $40.0 g of KOH.$

(part c) $20$ milliliters of$10.0\% (v/v)$ formic acid solution that contains $20.0 mL$of formic acid.

Step1: Introduction (part a).

Mass proportion is a concentration of solute affirmation which can be estimated of the solution's mass. The below formula expresses it:

$\text{ Mass percentage of solute }=\frac{\text{ grams of solute }}{\text{ grams of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%}$

Step2: Given Information (part a).

To determine the number grams of $25\% (m/m) LiN{O}_3$ of solution that containing $5.0 g of LiN{O}_3.$

Step3: Explanation (part a).

To calculate the grammes, use the equation:

$\text{ percentage of solute }=\frac{\text{ Amount of solute }}{\text{ Amount of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%}$

$$\begin{gathered} 25\mathrm{\%}=\frac{5.0\mathrm{g}}{\text{ Amount of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ \mathrm{Amount} \mathrm{of}solution=\frac{5.0 \mathrm{g}}{25\%}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ =20.0 \mathrm{g} \end{gathered}$$

Step4: Given Information (part b).

To determine the volume of the solution in milliliters of $10.0\% (m/v) KOH$ solution containing $40.0 g of KOH.$ 

Step5: Explanation (part b).

Volume percent formula is,

$$\begin{gathered} \text{ percentage of solute }=\frac{\text{ amount of solute }}{\text{ volume of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ 10\mathrm{\%}=\frac{40.0\mathrm{g}}{\text{ volume of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{solution} =\frac{{\displaystyle 40.0\mathrm{g}}}{{\displaystyle \text{ 10\%}}}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{solution} =400 \mathrm{mL} \end{gathered}$$

Step6: Given Information (part c).

To determine the volume of the solution in milliliters$10.0\% (v/v)$ formic acid containing $2.0 mL$ of formic acid.

Step7: Explanation (part c).

Volume percent formula is,
$$\begin{gathered} \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{percentage} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{solute} =\frac{\text{ amount of solute }}{\text{ volume of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ 10\mathrm{\%}=\frac{2.0\mathrm{ml}}{\text{ volume of solution }}\times 100\mathrm{\%} \\ \mathrm{volume} \mathrm{of} \mathrm{solution} =20 \mathrm{mL} \end{gathered}$$