Q. 9 - The Practice of Statistics for AP

Question

 Which of the following may we conclude, based on the test results?

(a) There is strong evidence of an association between wiring configuration and the chance that a child will develop some form of cancer.

(b) HCC either cause cancer directly or is a major contributing factor to the development of cancer in children.

(c) Leukemia is the most common type of cancer among children.

(d) There is not much evidence of an association between wiring configuration and the type of cancer that caused the deaths of children in the study.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(d) There is not much evidence of an association between wiring configuration and the type of cancer that caused the deaths of children in the study.

Step 1: Given Information

Need to find which of the following may we conclude, based on the test results.

Step 2: Explanation

The value of the test statistic is given underneath the two-way table:

${\chi }^2=0.435$

The $P$-value is the probability of obtaining the value of the test statistic, or a value more extreme. The P-value is the number (or interval) in the column title of Table C containing the t-value in the row

$$\begin{gathered} d f =(r-1)(c-1) \\ =(2-1)(3-1) \\ =2 \end{gathered}$$

$P>0.25$

If the $P$-value is less than or equal to the significance level, then the null hypothesis is rejected:

$$\begin{gathered} P>0.05 \\ \Rightarrow \text{ Fail to reject }{H}_0 \end{gathered}$$

There is sufficient evidence to support the claim of an association and thus answer $\left(d\right)$ is correct.