Q. 8.25 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Select the diagram that shows the final volume of a balloon when each of the following changes are made when the pressure and amount of gas do not change: 

a. The temperature is changed from $100 K$ to $300 K$.

 b. The balloon is placed in a freezer. 

c. The balloon is first warmed and then returned to its starting temperature 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. Balloon C when temperature is changed from$100 K$ to $300 K.$

b. Balloon A when  balloon is placed in a freezer. 

c. Balloon B when  balloon is first warmed and then returned to its starting temperature 

Part(a) Step 1: Given information

We need to find that final volume when  temperature is changed from $100 K$ to $300 K.$

Part(a) Step 2: Explanation

Here we will use charles law becuase pressure and amount of gas do not change .

so let us assume initial volume as $V_1$;

$\frac{V_1}{V_2}=\frac{T_1}{T_2}=\frac{100}{300}\Rightarrow 3V_1=V_2$

here $V_2$ is final volume ,so volume increased answer is balloon C

Part(b) Step 1: Given information

We need to select diagram that shows  final volume  when  balloon is placed in a freezer.  

Part(b) Step 2: Explanation

Here in this case  Charles' law holds that for a given quantity of gas, $V\propto T$ . The colder the temperature, the smaller the volume. Thus the balloon will contract, as the gas gets colder. So answer is balloon A.

Part(c) Step 1: Given information

We need to select the diagram for volume of balloon when balloon is first warmed and then returned to its starting temperature  

Part(c) Step 2: Explanation

If we increase the temperature of a gas sample, the volume of the container must increase . If the temperature of the gas is decreased, the volume of the container must also decrease when pressure and the amount of gas do not change. So correct answer is B.