Q. 6.18 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Write the correct ionic formula for the compound formed between each of the following pairs of ions:

a. ${\mathrm{Al}}^{3+}$ and ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}$

b. ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}$ and ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$

c. ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$and ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$

d. ${\mathrm{Rb}}^{+}$and ${\mathrm{P}}^{3-}$

e. ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{+}$and ${\mathrm{I}}^{-}$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct formula is 

(part a) Chloride of magnesium (II).

(part b) (1)  potassium

(part c) Sulfide of lithium (II).

(part d) oxide of magnesium (II)

(part e) Bromine of strontium (II)

Step 1 : Information (part a)

(part a) Use the methods below to write the name of the compound with the formula ${\mathrm{MgCl}}_2$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion produced by nonmetal Cl first. The ion created by the non-metal $\mathrm{Cl}$ is called ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}$. Determine the charge on the cation now. The charge on ${\mathrm{Cl}}^{-}$ ions will be $2\times 1-=2-$. One $\mathrm{Mg}$ ion counteracts this charge. The charge on the ion $\mathrm{Mg}$ is $+2$. As a result, the metal ion generated is ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{2+}$.

Step 2:

 Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. Magnesium is a mineral (II)

STEP 2 :Explanation (part a)

Step 3: Write the anion's name. Use the initial syllable of the element name followed by $ide$. chloride for this.

Step 4: Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

Chloride of magnesium (II).

STEP 3 : Information (part b)

(part b) Use the procedures below to create the name of the chemical with the formula ${\mathrm{K}}_3\mathrm{P}$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion generated by the nonmetal $P$ first. ${\mathrm{p}}^{3-}$ is the ion produced by the non metal $P$. Determine the charge on the cation now. The fee for a ${\mathrm{P}}^{3-}$. Three $K$ ions counteract this charge. Each $K$ ion has a charge of $\frac{+3}{3}=+1$. As a result, the metal ion created is ${\mathrm{K}}^{+}$

Step 2: 

Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. Potassium is a mineral (I)

.

STEP 4 : Explanation (part b)

Step 3: Write the anion's name. Use the first syllable of the element name followed by$ide. phosphide.$ for this.

Step 4: Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

(1) $phosphide$ potassium

STEP 5 : Information (part c)

(part c) Use the procedures below to create the name of the compound with the formula ${\mathrm{Li}}_2 \mathrm{S}$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion created by the non metal $S$ first. The ion produced by the non-metal $S$ is called ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$. Determine the charge on the cation now. The fee for ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$ will be $1\times 2-=2-$. Two Li ions counteract this charge. Each Li ion has a charge of $\frac{+2}{2}=+1$. As a result, the metal ion created is ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$.

Step 2: 

Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. Lithium (I)

STEP 6 : Explanation (part c)

Step 3: Write the anion's name. Use the initial syllable of the element name followed by $ide. sulfide.$ for this.

Step 4: Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

Sulfide of lithium (II).

STEP 7 : Information (part d)

(part d) Use the procedures below to write the name of the compound with the formula $CsF$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion produced by the nonmetal $F$ first. The ion generated by the non-metal $F$ is ${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$, which is equal to one ${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$ ion. The charge on the ion $\mathrm{Cs}$ is $+1$. As a result, the metal ion created is ${\mathrm{Cs}}^{+}$.

Step 2: Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. Cesium (I)

STEP 8 : Explanation (part d)

Step 3: Write the anion's name. Use the initial syllable of the element name followed by $ide.$. fluoride for this.

Step 4: Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

Fluoride of cesium (l)

(e) Use the instructions below to write the name of the compound having the formula $\mathrm{MgO}$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion generated by the nonmetal $O$ first. The non-metal $O$ forms the ion ${\mathrm{O}}^{2-}$ which is one $\mathrm{Mg}$ ion. The charge on the ion $\mathrm{Mg}$ is $+2$. As a result, the metal ion created is ${\mathrm{Mg}}^{+}$.

Step 2: 

Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. Magnesium

STEP 9: Explanation (part d)

Step 3:

 Write the anion's name. Use the initial syllable of the element's name, followed by $ide$. oxide.

Step 4: 

Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

oxide of magnesium (II)

STEP 10 : Information (part e)

(part e) Use the steps below to write the name for the compound with the formula ${\mathrm{SrBr}}_2$.

Step 1: 

Write the ion produced by the nonmetal Br first. The nonmetal Br ion is ${\mathrm{Br}}^{-}$ balanced by one $Srion$. $Srion$ has a $+2$ fee. As a result, the metal ion generated is ${\mathrm{Sr}}^{2+}$.

Step 2: 

Write the cation's name. To do so, use the element name and roman numerals in parenthesis to indicate the charge. The element strontium (II)

STEP 11: Explanation (part e)

Step 3: Write the anion's name. Use the first syllable of the element name followed by $ide$bromide for this.

Step 4: Write the name of the compound by first writing the cation's name, then the anion's name.

Bromine of strontium (II)