Q. 6.100 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Using each of the following electron arrangements, give the formulas for the cation and anion that form, the formula for the compound they form, and its name. 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The complete table is :- 

Electron Arrangements		Cation	Anion	Formula of  compound	Name of  compound
$2, 8, 1$	$2, 7$	${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$	${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$	$\mathrm{NaF}$	Sodium  fluoride
$2, 8, 8, 2$	$2, 8, 6$	${\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}$	${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$	$\mathrm{CaS}$	Calcium  sulfide
$2, 1$	$2, 8, 5$	${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$	${\mathrm{P}}^{3-}$	${\mathrm{Li}}_3\mathrm{P}$	Lithium phosphide

Step 1: Given information

We have been given the electron arrangements.

We need to find the formulas for the cation and anion that form, the formula for the compound they form, and its name. 

Step 2: Explanation

When an atom gives away electron, it forms a cation and when it takes up electron, it forms an anion. 

The complete table is :-

Electron Arrangements		Cation	Anion	Formula of compound	Name of compound
$2, 8, 1$	$2, 7$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{Na}}^{+}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{F}}^{-}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" $\mathrm{NaF}$	Sodium fluoride
$2, 8, 8, 2$	$2, 8, 6$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{Ca}}^{2+}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{S}}^{2-}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" $\mathrm{CaS}$	Calcium  sulfide
$2, 1$	$2, 8, 5$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{Li}}^{+}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{P}}^{3-}$	data-custom-editor="chemistry" ${\mathrm{Li}}_3\mathrm{P}$	Lithium  phosphide