Q. 4.34 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

What are the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes?

a. ${}_1{}^{2}H$

b. ${}_7{}^{14}N$

c. ${}_{14}{}^{26}Si$

d. ${}_{30}{}^{70}Zn$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) No. of protons or electrons are $1$ and No. of neutrons are $1$ 

(b) No. of protons or electrons are $7$ and No. of neutrons are $7$

(c) No. of protons or electrons are $14$ and No. of neutrons are $12$

(d) No. of protons or electrons are $30$ and No. of neutrons are $40$

Part (a) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out the no. of protons, neutrons and electrons in ${}_1{}^{2}H$

Part (a) Step 2: Simplify

We know that the atom in standard form is represented as, ${}_Z{}^{A}X$

Where, $Z=$Atomic no. or no. of protons or no. of electrons

And $A=$Mass no.

And $X=$Symbol of the element

As we have, ${}_1{}^{2}H$

So, here

$$\begin{gathered} A=2 \\ Z=1 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore,

No. of protons or no. of electrons are, $1$

And no. of neutrons are, $A-Z=2-1=1$

Part (b) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out the no. of protons, neutrons and electrons in ${}_7{}^{14}N$

Part (b) Step 2: Simplify

We know that the atom in standard form is represented as, ${}_Z{}^{A}X$

Where, $Z=$Atomic no. or no. of protons or no. of electrons

And $A=$Mass no.

And $X=$Symbol of the element

As we have, ${}_7{}^{14}N$

So, here

$$\begin{gathered} A=14 \\ Z=7 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore,

No. of protons or no. of electrons are, $7$

And no. of neutrons are, $A-Z=14-7=7$

Part (c) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out the no. of protons, neutrons and electrons in ${}_{14}{}^{26}Si$

Part (c) Step 2: Simplify

We know that the atom in standard form is represented as, ${}_Z{}^{A}X$

Where, $Z=$Atomic no. or no. of protons or no. of electrons

And $A=$Mass no.

And $X=$Symbol of the element

As we have, ${}_{14}{}^{26}Si$

So, here

$$\begin{gathered} A=26 \\ Z=14 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore,

No. of protons or no. of electrons are, $14$

And no. of neutrons are, $A-Z=26-14=12$

Part (d) Step 1: Given information

We need to find out the no. of protons, neutrons and electrons in ${}_{30}{}^{70}Zn$

Part (d) Step 2: Simplify

We know that the atom in standard form is represented as, ${}_Z{}^{A}X$

Where, $Z=$Atomic no. or no. of protons or no. of electrons

And $A=$Mass no.

And $X=$Symbol of the element

As we have, ${}_{30}{}^{70}Zn$

So, here

$$\begin{gathered} A=70 \\ Z=30 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore,

No. of protons or no. of electrons are, $30$

And no. of neutrons are, $A-Z=70-30=40$