Q. 3.2 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Classify each of the following pure substances as an element or a compound:

a. helium gas ($He$)

b. sulfur ($S$)

c. sugar $\left(C_{12}{H}_{22}{\mathrm{O}}_{11}\right)$

d. mercury ($Hg$) in a  thermometer

e. lye ($NaOH$)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. Helium gas is a element

b. Sulfur is a element

c. Sugar is a compound

d. Mercury is a element

e. lye is a compound

Step 1: Given Information (a)

(a) A pure substance as an element or a compound of helium gas.

Step 2: Explanation (a)

Helium ($He$) is that the element. it's represented by the symbol He. The number of helium is $2$ , and it's placed in group $8A\left(18\right)$. it's a colorless, odorless, nontoxic, inert gas.
Therefore, helium (He) is part. 

Step 3: Given Information (b)

(b)  A pure substance as an element or a compound of sulfur. 

Step 4: Explanation (b)

(b) Sulfur ($S_8$) is that the element. It's represented by the symbol $S$. The atomic number of sulfur is $16$ and it is  placed in group $5A\left(15\right)$. It's a bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Therefore, sulfur ($S_8$) is an element.

Step 5: Given Information (c)

 (c) A pure substance as an element or a compound of sugar. 

Step 6: Explanation (c)

(c) Sugar $\left({\mathrm{C}}_{12}{\mathrm{H}}_{22}{\mathrm{O}}_{11}\right)$ could be a sweet-flavored substance used as a food. it's composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. they're chemically combined within the same proportion.
Therefore, sugar $\left({\mathrm{C}}_{12}{\mathrm{H}}_{22}{\mathrm{O}}_{11}\right)$ may be a compound.  

Step 7: Given Information (d)

(d) A pure substance as an element or a compound of mercury

Step 8: Explanation (d)

(b) Mercury $\left(Hg\right)$ is part. it's represented by the symbol $\left(Hg\right)$. The number of mercury is  $80$. it's a d-block element. Mercury is that the only metal that's liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure.
Therefore, mercury $\left(Hg\right)$ during a thermometer is a component.

Step 9: Given Information (e)

(e) A pure substance as an element or a compound of lye

Step 10: Explanation (e)

(e) Lye $\left(NaOH\right)$ is additionally referred to as sodium hydroxide. it's commonly available within the variety of flakes, pellets, micro beads, and coarse powder. it's also available as an answer. it's chemically combined within the same proportion.
Therefore, lye $\left(NaOH\right)$ may be a compound.