Q. 29 - Biology

Question

What is the relationship between a genome,

chromosomes, and genes?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Protein synthesis is controlled by genes, which are present in chromosomes and genome is the total genetic information of a cell or organism.

Step 1: Introduction

Gene, chromosome and genome are interrelated to each other. They are important parts of the genetic information of a cell.

Step 2: Explanation

The genome is the complete set of genetic information that determines the characteristics of an organism. The genome is made up of genes, DNA, and chromosomes.

Genes are the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. They are the sequence of a DNA that codes a protein. Genes are inherited from parents.

Chromosomes are found in every cells of the body containing the genes. In total, there are 46 chromosomes.

So, in the simplest way, we can say DNA are the words, which are arranged in paragraphs as a form of genes. Chromosomes are like chapters that contain different paragraphs (gene) in it. And genome is the entire book from the beginning to the end.