Q. 25 - Biology

Question

Multiple sclerosis causes demyelination of axons in the brain and spinal cord. Why is this problematic? 

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The most prevalent condition that demyelinates and affects the central nervous system is multiple sclerosis. Your immune system aims to target the cells that create and keep the myelin layer in this circumstance. The nerve sheath is irritated and hurt during this attack, which harms the adjacent nerve fibers.

Step 1: Introduction

Adaptive immunity enables the inflammatory disease known as multiple sclerosis (MS), which results in demyelination and axonal degradation. Autoreactive T cells that enter the body through the CNS cause MS.

Step 2: The explanation for the correct answer

Multiple sclerosis (MS), which is commonly categorized as an autoimmune disease, is thought to be caused by autoimmune T cells that enter the central nervous system (CNS) from the peripheral circulation and initiate an inflammatory cascade that ends in demyelination and axonal loss.