Q 1.96. - Elementary Statistics

Question

In Exercises 1.92-1.97, we present descriptions of designed experiments. In each case, identify the 

(a)  experimental units

(b)  response variable

(c)  factor (s)

(d)  levels of each factor:- 

(e)  treatments.

Sexual Signals. In a study by A. Elliot et al . , titled " Women's Use of Red Clothing as a Sexual Signal in Intersexual Interaction " (Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 49, Issue 3, pp. 599-602), women were studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance. The following experiment is based on the researchers' investigation. Women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female. The women must wear a standardized shirt before the conversation but can choose between red, green, and blue.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a)  experimental units:- Women that are studied.

(b)  response variable:- Color of shirts.

(c)  factor (s):- Perceived attractiveness and gender.

(d)  levels of each factor:- for Perceived attractiveness are attractive and unattractive.

For gender are male and female.

(e)  treatments:- four

Part (a) Step 1. Given information.

The given statement is:

In a study by A. Elliot et al . , titled " Women's Use of Red Clothing as a Sexual Signal in Intersexual Interaction ", women were studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance. The following experiment is based on the researchers' investigation. Women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female. The women must wear a standardized shirt before the conversation but can choose between red, green, and blue.

Part (a) Step 2. Identify the experimental units.

Taking into consideration the given designed experiment, the Experimental units are the women that are being studied to determine the effect of apparel color choice based on the perceived attractiveness and gender of a new acquaintance.

Part (b) Step 1. Identify the response variable.

The response variable, of the given designed experiment, is the color of shirt chosen by the women before the conversation.

Part (c) Step 1. Identify the factor.

Here, the factors include:

Perceived attractiveness and gender.

Because the women are randomly assigned to be told that they would be conversing with an attractive male, an unattractive male, an attractive female, or an unattractive female. 

Part (d) Step 1. Identify the levels of each factor.

The two levels of perceived attractiveness are:

1. attractive
2. unattractive

The two levels of gender are:

1. Male
2. Female

Part (e) Step 1. Identify the treatments.

It includes the four different possible ways of two levels of perceived attractiveness and two levels of gender.