Q. 18.50 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

How is the ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ gradient established?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ gradient is established by pumping out the hydrogen ions from the matrix

Step 1: Given information

We need to find the way by which ${\mathrm{H}}^{+}$ gradient is established

Step 2: Explanation

Because these sites operate as hydrogen ion pumps, a hydrogen ion gradient is established at Complexes $\mathrm{I}, \mathrm{II}, \mathrm{III}$. A hydrogen ion gradient is created when hydrogen ions are pumped out of the matrix and into the intermembrane region.