Q. 14.78 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Draw the line-angle formula and write the IUPAC name for each of the following: (14.1)

a. A carboxylic acid that has the formula ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_{40}{\mathrm{O}}_2$, with no substituents

b. A carboxylic acid that has the formula ${\mathrm{C}}_3{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_2$, with two methyl substituents

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Part (a) The formula for a carboxylic acid's line-angle formula${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_2$ is

Pentatonic acid is the IUPAC name for this compound because it contains 5 carbon atoms. 

Part(b)A carboxylic acid's line-angle formula${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_2$, is

 The compound's IUPAC name is 2,3-dimethyl propanoic acid..

Step 1: Given data

 Find the line-angle formula for each of the following and write the IUPAC name.

Step 2: Introduction

Carboxylic acids are weak acids that produce hydronium ions and neutralize bases in water. The carbon atom of a carbonyl group is attached to a hydroxyl group to form a carboxyl group in carboxylic acids. 

The carboxyl functional group can be attached to either an alkyl or an aromatic group..

Part (a) Step 3: The line-angle formula of a carboxylic acid is the formula

a) A carboxylic acid's line-angle formula is formula${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_2$ is

Pentatonic acid is the IUPAC name for this compound because it contains 5 carbon atoms.

Part (b) Step 4: The formula for a carboxylic acid's line-angle formula

b) The formula for a carboxylic acid's line-angle formula ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}{\mathrm{O}}_2$, with two methyl substitutes is

Because the compound contains three carbon atoms and two methyl groups at $2^{\text{nd }}$ and $3^{\text{rd }}$ The compound's IUPAC name is 2,3-dimethyl propanoic acid.