Q. 14.77 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Draw the line-angle formula and write the IUPAC name for each of the following: 

a. A carboxylic acid that has the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2$, with no substituents

b. A carboxylic acid that has the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2$, with one ethyl substituent

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Part (a) The compound's IUPAC name is Hexanoic acid because it contains six carbon atoms.

Part (b) the compound has four carbon atoms and one ethyl group attached to the third carbon, the IUPAC name is ethyl butanoic acid. 

Step1: Introduction.

Carboxylic acids are weakly acidic that generate hydroxide ion and neutralize bases in water. The carbon of a carboxyl is attached to a hydroxyl group to form a carboxyl group in carboxylic acids. The carboxylate group can bond to either an alkyl or an aromatic group.

Part (a) Step 2: Given Information

A carboxylic acid that has the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2$, with no substituents. 

Part (a) Step 3: Explanation

A carboxylic acid with the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2$ has the following line-angle formula:

The compound's IUPAC name is Hexanoic acid because it contains six carbon atoms.

Part (b) Step 4: Given Information

A carboxylic acid that has the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2,$ with one ethyl substituents.

Part (b) Step 5: Explanation

A carboxylic acid with the formula $C_6{H}_{12}{O}_2$ has the following line-angle formula with one ethyl substitute:

Since the compound has four carbon atoms and one ethyl group attached to the third carbon, the IUPAC name is $3-$ethyl butanoic acid.