Q. 14.61 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products of the following: 

a) 

                                        

         

b)

       

c)

     

d)

          

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Part a)

           

Part b)

       

Part c)

               

Part d)

            

step - 1 Introduction (Part a)

• Carboxylic acids are completely neutraliZed when they react with strong bases like NAOH and KOH to generate carboxylate salts.
• By substituting the ic acid (at the end) with ate, the carboxylate ion is called.

step - 2 Given information (part- a)

Potassium propanoate is the carboxylate salt generated when propanoic acid reacts with KOH.

step-3 Explanation (part-a)

• In the presence of an acid catalyst, a carboxylic acid combines with an alcohol to produce esters, known as esterification.
• The OH  group of the acids and the OH  group of the alcohols mix and are eliminated as a water molecule in this process.

             

step-4 Given information (part-b)

 The products of the reaction have the following condensed structural formula:

step-5 Explanation (part-b)

                

 

step-6 Given information (part-c)

The line-angle formula for the reaction's products is,

Step-7 Explanation (part-c)

 

               

Step-8 Given information (part-d)

• Amides are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amine.
•  Amidation is a process in which carboxylic acid combines with a substrate to produce amide. 
• A water molecule is removed in this reaction, and the carboxylic acid and amine molecules unite to produce the amide.

Step-9 Explanation (part-d)

     The condensed structural formula for the reaction's products is