Q. 13.59 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

What are the disaccharides and polysaccharides present in each of the following? (13.6,13.7)

(a)

(b)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Part a) 

Disaccharide, also called double sugar, any substance that is composed of two molecules of simple sugars (monosaccharides) linked to each other.  

Part b) 

A polysaccharide (JHBOS2) obtained from aqueous extracts of C. morifolium flowers exhibited antiangiogenic activity at (150µg/mL) by the possible inhibition of tube formation in HMEC-1 cells (human mammary epithelial cells) (Zheng, Dong, Du).

Step 1: Introduction (Part a)

• Disaccharide, also called double sugar, any substance that is composed of two molecules of simple sugars (monosaccharides) linked to each other. 
• Disaccharides are crystalline water-soluble compound.

Step 2: a) Identify the disaccharides and polysaccharides present in each of the following

• Cane sugar mostly contains sucrose (structure in the Figure below).
• Sucrose is a disaccharide that can be obtained from sugar beets and sugar cane. It is formed from $\mathrm{\alpha }$-D-glucose and $\mathrm{\beta }$-D fructose connected through $\mathrm{\beta }-1,2$ glycosidic bond.

Step 3: b) Identify the disaccharides and polysaccharides present in each of the following

• Cotton is almost entirely made up of cellulose. Cellulose is the most common structural element in plants and wood. 
• Cellulose (structure in the Figure below) is a polysaccharide whose structure is an unbranched chain of glucose molecules connected through$\beta -1,4$ glycosidic bond.