Q. 12.64 - An Introduction to General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Question

Draw the condensed structural formulas and give the IUPAC names for all the aldehydes and ketones that have the formula ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}\mathrm{O}$.$\left(12.3\right)$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The condensed structural formulas of all the alcohols having the formula  ${\mathrm{C}}_5{\mathrm{H}}_{10}\mathrm{O}$are:

The first aldehyde 

$2-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$

$3-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$

$2,2-\mathrm{dimethyl}-\mathrm{propanal}$

$2-\mathrm{pentanone}$

$3-\mathrm{pentane}$

$3-\mathrm{methyl}-2-\mathrm{butanal}$

Step 1: Given Information

We need to draw the structure of $C_2{H}_{10}O$.

Step 2: Simplify

The first aldehyde is pentanal and its structure is:

The second aldehyde is $2-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$ and its structural formula is:

The third aldehyde is $3-\mathrm{methyl}-\mathrm{butanal}$ and its structural formula is:

The fourth aldehyde is $2,2-\mathrm{dimethyl}-\mathrm{propanal}$ and its structural formula is:

The ketones. The first one will be $2-\mathrm{pentanone}$ and its structural formula is:

The second one is $3-\mathrm{pentane}$ and its structural formula is:

The third ketone is $3-\mathrm{methyl}-2-\mathrm{butanal}$ and its structural formula is: