Problem 97 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Which is correct about Aspirin? (a) It is Antipyretic (b) Calcium and Sodium salts of Aspirin are mo. soluble. (c) It is quite safe when taken empty stomach (d) It is Analgesics also.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Correct options are (a), (b), and (d). Option (c) is incorrect.

Step 1: Identify the Properties of Aspirin

Aspirin is a well-known medication with multiple uses. Primarily, it is known for its properties such as being an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic (which means reduces fever), and analgesic (which means relieves pain). This makes options (a) and (d) plausible based on these properties.

Step 2: Analyze the Solubility of Aspirin's Salts

Sodium and calcium salts of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) are often more soluble in water than the acid form itself. This statement, option (b), is typically true as salts generally increase solubility, making it also possible.

Step 3: Consider Aspirin's Safety Profile

Aspirin can cause irritation in the lining of the stomach, especially if taken on an empty stomach. Therefore, the statement in option (c) about it being quite safe when taken on an empty stomach is incorrect.

Step 4: Conclude Based on the Analysis

Based on the analysis of each statement, options (a), (b), and (d) are correct. Option (c) is incorrect because of the gastric irritation risk associated with aspirin when taken without food.

Key Concepts

Analgesic Properties

Aspirin is renowned for its analgesic properties, which means it is effective at relieving pain. This ability makes it a popular choice for alleviating minor aches and pains, such as headaches, muscle soreness, and other discomforts. Aspirin achieves this by blocking certain chemical signals in the brain that communicate the sensation of pain. This interruption helps reduce the perception of pain, making it a go-to over-the-counter medication for millions.

• Relieves headaches and migraines
• Reduces muscle and joint pains
• Used in mild to moderate pain management

Despite its effectiveness, it's crucial to use aspirin as directed by healthcare professionals. Overuse or misuse can lead to potential side effects.

Antipyretic Properties

Aspirin also exhibits antipyretic properties, meaning it can reduce fever. It works on the body's temperature-regulating center in the brain to lower an elevated temperature when someone is suffering from a fever.

• Used to bring down high body temperatures
• Commonly employed in managing fever associated with colds and flu

By lowering fever, aspirin can help alleviate discomfort and improve overall wellbeing during an illness. It's important to distinguish between normal body temperature and a fever so that aspirin is used appropriately.

Cautions in Use

While effective, care should be taken when administering aspirin as a fever reducer, especially in children and teenagers, due to the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition.

Solubility of Salts

When discussing the solubility of aspirin, it's helpful to understand that its sodium and calcium salts are more water soluble. This increased solubility can enhance its effectiveness in the body, as it allows aspirin to be more readily absorbed into the bloodstream.

• Sodium and calcium salts provide enhanced water solubility
• Facilitates quicker absorption and onset of action

Increased solubility is advantageous for those requiring rapid pain relief or fever reduction. This is because faster absorption generally translates to faster relief of symptoms.

Practical Applications

These soluble forms of aspirin are often formulated for specific therapeutic needs, offering versatility and suitability for various treatment plans.

Gastric Irritation

Gastric irritation is a potential downside to aspirin usage, particularly when taken on an empty stomach. Aspirin can irritate the lining of the stomach, sometimes leading to stomach pain, ulcers, or even gastrointestinal bleeding.

• Potential to cause stomach upset and irritation
• Increased risk of ulcers and bleeding with prolonged use
• Advisable to take with food or after meals to mitigate risks

To reduce the risk of gastric irritation, it's often recommended that aspirin be taken with food or a full glass of water. For people with a history of stomach issues, doctors might prescribe coated aspirin formulations or suggest an alternative pain reliever to protect the gastric lining.

Preventive Measures

Always consult with a healthcare professional to explore other medications or protective agents when using aspirin long-term.