Problem 7 - Biology: The Dynamic Science

Question

Which of the following is an example of autoregulation of kidney function? a. The RAAS regulates Na " by secreting renin when blood pressure or blood volume decreases. b. The ADH system regulates water balance by decreasing water reabsorption and increasing excretion of salt. c. Receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the distal convoluted tubule detect drops in blood pressure and cause a higher filtration rate. d. ANF is released by the kidney to increase renin release. e. Angiotensin lowers blood pressure by constricting arterioles.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct option is 'c. Receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the distal convoluted tubule detect drops in blood pressure and cause a higher filtration rate.' as it's an example of autoregulation of kidney function.

Step 1: Understanding Kidney Autoregulation

The autoregulation of kidney function refers to the kidney's ability to regulate its functions irrespective of changes in blood pressure. These include maintaining constant renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate, and other functions.

Step 2: Analyzing the Options

Analyze each option in terms of the processes they refer to. The RAAS, ADH system, ANF, and angiotensin are all important in kidney function but are largely involved in response to hormonal signals, hence are not examples of autoregulation.

Step 3: Identify the Correct Option

The third option (c) states that receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the distal convoluted tubule detect drops in blood pressure and cause a higher filtration rate. This is a process of autoregulation as it maintains the filtration rate constant irrespective of the changes in blood pressure, hence option (c) is the correct answer.