Problem 7 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Cyclon collector is used for minimizing (a) water pollution (b) sound pollution (c) soil pollution (d) air pollution

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Cyclon collectors minimize air pollution (option d).

Step 1: Understanding the Problem

First, determine what each option relates to. Cyclon collectors are devices used in various industries to control pollution. Knowing their functionality will help decide which pollution type they minimize.

Step 2: Exploring Cyclon Collector Function

Cyclon collectors separate particles from a gas stream using a high-speed rotating flow, acting as an air cleaner. This process targets particulate matter in the air, thus minimizing air pollution.

Step 3: Matching Function to Pollution Type

Given that cyclon collectors remove particulate matter from the air, the correct type of pollution they minimize is air pollution, matching with option (d).

Key Concepts

Cyclon Collector

A cyclone collector is a common pollution control device used to reduce air pollution. These devices are often found in industrial settings like factories, where they clean large volumes of air. The cyclone collector removes dust particles from the air through a process known as "centrifugal separation."

During this process, the air containing dust enters the collector and is spun quickly, creating a cyclone-like effect. It's similar to how a whirlpool works. The spinning force pushes heavier dust particles towards the walls of the collector, where they fall into a collection chamber. Meanwhile, the clean air is allowed to exit the collector.

• Efficient and doesn't use filters, so it requires less maintenance.
• Relies on simple mechanical principles, making it cost-effective.
• Effective for removing larger particles from the air.

But, it's important to note that cyclone collectors aren't perfect for very small particles, which may require additional devices to capture them.

Air Pollution

Air pollution is a significant environmental issue that affects both human health and the ecosystem. It occurs when harmful substances, like gasses and particles, get into the air. This can happen from natural sources like volcanoes or human activities like burning fossil fuels. Industrial processes often contribute to air pollution by releasing gases and particulate matter.

Here's why air pollution is concerning:

• It can cause respiratory diseases in humans, like asthma.
• It harms animals and plants by altering their natural habitat.
• Contributes to climate change by increasing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Controlling air pollution is crucial, and devices like cyclone collectors help in this effort by removing particulate matter from the air, making it cleaner and safer to breathe.

Particulate Matter Removal

Particulate matter (PM) refers to the tiny particles and droplets in the air that can be harmful to health. These include dust, dirt, soot, and smoke. They come from different sources, like emissions from vehicles, industrial processes, and construction activities.

Removing particulate matter is important because:

• These particles can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream.
• Health effects include respiratory and cardiovascular issues.
• It reduces visibility, causing hazy conditions and affecting quality of life.

Cyclone collectors are one of the effective tools for removing larger particles from the air stream. By spinning the air, these devices leverage centrifugal forces to separate and capture large particulate matter, improving air quality significantly. However, for very fine particles, other devices such as filters or scrubbers may be needed to achieve comprehensive air purification.