Problem 69 - Chemistry An Atoms First Approach

Question

Write the balanced formula equation for the acid-base reactions that occur when the following are mixed. a. potassium hydroxide (aqueous) and nitric acid b. barium hydroxide (aqueous) and hydrochloric acid c. perchloric acid \(\left[\mathrm{HClO}_{4}(a q)\right]\) and solid iron(III) hydroxide d. solid silver hydroxide and hydrobromic acid e. aqueous strontium hydroxide and hydroiodic acid

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The balanced formula equations for the given acid-base reactions are: a. KOH(aq) + HNO₃(aq) -> KNO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) b. Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2HCl(aq) -> BaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) c. 3HClO₄(aq) + Fe(OH)₃(s) -> Fe(ClO₄)₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l) d. AgOH(s) + HBr(aq) -> AgBr(s) + H₂O(l) e. Sr(OH)₂(aq) + 2HI(aq) -> SrI₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)

Step 1: Write chemical formulas

Write the chemical formulas of reactants and products: Potassium hydroxide (aqueous): KOH(aq) Nitric acid: HNO₃(aq) The products for an acid-base reaction are salt and water.

Step 2: Balance the equation

Write an unbalanced equation and then balance it: KOH(aq) + HNO₃(aq) -> KNO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) The equation is already balanced with coefficients 1 for all the reactants and products. #b. barium hydroxide (aqueous) and hydrochloric acid#

Step 1: Write chemical formulas

Write the chemical formulas of reactants and products: Barium hydroxide (aqueous): Ba(OH)₂(aq) Hydrochloric acid: HCl(aq)

Step 2: Balance the equation

Write an unbalanced equation and then balance it: Ba(OH)₂(aq) + HCl(aq) -> BaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) Balance the equation: Ba(OH)₂(aq) + 2HCl(aq) -> BaCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l) #c. perchloric acid and solid iron(III) hydroxide #

Step 1: Write chemical formulas

Write the chemical formulas of reactants and products: Perchloric acid: HClO₄(aq) Solid Iron(III) hydroxide : Fe(OH)₃(s)

Step 2: Balance the equation

Write an unbalanced equation and then balance it: HClO₄(aq) + Fe(OH)₃(s) -> Fe(ClO₄)₃(aq) + H₂O(l) Balance the equation: 3HClO₄(aq) + Fe(OH)₃(s) -> Fe(ClO₄)₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l) #d. solid silver hydroxide and hydrobromic acid#

Step 1: Write chemical formulas

Write the chemical formulas of reactants and products: Solid silver hydroxide: AgOH(s) Hydrobromic acid: HBr(aq)

Step 2: Balance the equation

Write an unbalanced equation and then balance it: AgOH(s) + HBr(aq) -> AgBr(s) + H₂O(l) The equation is already balanced with coefficients 1 for all the reactants and products. #e. aqueous strontium hydroxide and hydroiodic acid#

Step 1: Write chemical formulas

Write the chemical formulas of reactants and products: Aqueous strontium hydroxide: Sr(OH)₂(aq) Hydroiodic acid: HI(aq)

Step 2: Balance the equation

Write an unbalanced equation and then balance it: Sr(OH)₂(aq) + HI(aq) -> SrI₂(aq) + H₂O(l) Balance the equation: Sr(OH)₂(aq) + 2HI(aq) -> SrI₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)