Problem 69

Question

Find the \(11^{\text {th }}\) term of the arithmetic sequence \(\\{3 a-2 b, a+2 b,-a+6 b, \ldots\\}\)

Step-by-Step Solution

Verified
Answer
The 11th term of the sequence is \(-17a + 38b\).
1Step 1: Identify the First Term
Examine the sequence \( \{3a - 2b, a + 2b, -a + 6b, \ldots \} \). The first term of this sequence is given by \( a_1 = 3a - 2b \).
2Step 2: Calculate the Common Difference
To find the common difference \(d\) of the arithmetic sequence, subtract the first term from the second term: \(d = (a + 2b) - (3a - 2b) = a + 2b - 3a + 2b = -2a + 4b \).
3Step 3: Use the Formula for the N-th Term
The formula for the \(n\)-th term of an arithmetic sequence is \(a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d\). Here, we are looking for the \(11^{\text{th}}\) term: \(a_{11} = a_1 + 10d\).
4Step 4: Calculate the 11th Term
Substitute \(a_1 = 3a - 2b\) and \(d = -2a + 4b\) into the \(a_n\) formula: \(a_{11} = (3a - 2b) + 10(-2a + 4b)\).Simplifying, \(a_{11} = 3a - 2b - 20a + 40b\).Further simplification gives \(a_{11} = -17a + 38b\).

Key Concepts

Common DifferenceN-th Term FormulaSequence TermsSequence Calculation
Common Difference
An arithmetic sequence is defined by having a constant difference between any two consecutive terms. This difference is called the **common difference**.
To discover the common difference, subtract the first term from the second term in the sequence.
Let's consider the sequence: \(\{3a-2b, a+2b, -a+6b, \ldots\}\). You can find the common difference \(d\) by calculating \((a+2b) - (3a-2b)\). Simplifying this gives \(-2a + 4b\).
This result means that each term increases or decreases by \(-2a + 4b\), a consistent and predictable pattern.
N-th Term Formula
The **n-th term formula** of an arithmetic sequence is pivotal for finding any term. This formula is expressed as \(a_n = a_1 + (n-1)d\), where:
  • \(a_1\) is the first term of the sequence,
  • \(n\) is the term number,
  • \(d\) is the common difference.
This formula allows us to calculate any term in the sequence without needing to list all previous terms.
Knowing this formula is incredibly useful, as it provides a direct computation to understand sequences.
Sequence Terms
**Sequence terms** are the individual elements in a sequence of numbers. These terms follow a particular order and rule, which in arithmetic sequences, involves the common difference.
Consider the sequence: \(\{3a-2b, a+2b, -a+6b, \ldots\}\). Each term can be found using the sequence's rule.
In our example, the first term \(a_1\) is \(3a-2b\). Knowing the rule allows calculation of subsequent terms by consistently applying the common difference \(-2a + 4b\). This regular pattern helps predict terms effectively.
Sequence Calculation
**Sequence calculations** involve operations to find specific sequence terms. These calculations are based on arithmetic rules.
We can find the terms of an arithmetic sequence using the first term and the common difference.
For instance, to find the 11th term \(a_{11}\) of our sequence, we start with the first term \(3a-2b\) and use \(a_{11} = a_1 + 10d\).
Here, substitute \(a_1 = 3a-2b\) and \(d = -2a + 4b\) to find \(a_{11} = -17a + 38b\).
By applying these formulas, calculations are straightforward and accurate.