Problem 57 - Objective Biology for NEET

Question

Phloem fibre, which is commercially used is actually (a) Jute (b) Flax (c) Hemp (d) All of these

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(d) All of these

Step 1: Identifying Phloem fibre

Phloem fibre or 'bast' are found in the phloem or bast tissues of plants. They provide strength to the plant structure. The primary sources of commercially used phloem fibres are Jute, Flax and Hemp.

Step 2: Determining the correct answer

Since Phloem fibres are obtained from Jute, Flax as well as Hemp, they all are commercially used phloem fibres. Hence, all these options are correct and commercially viable.

Key Concepts

Plant Anatomy

The intricate world of plant anatomy consists of various tissues and structures that are essential for the survival and functionality of a plant. Among these, the phloem tissue is particularly noteworthy as it plays a critical role in the transport of organic nutrients, particularly sugar, from the leaves where they are synthesized to other parts of the plant that cannot make their own food.

The phloem is comprised of several cell types including sieve elements, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibres. It is these phloem fibres, also known as 'bast fibres', that are the subject of our discussion. These fibres are long, slender cells that provide structural support to the plants. Phloem fibres have high tensile strength which means they can withstand a lot of pulling force, making them incredibly useful in various commercial applications. The role of phloem fibres transcends mere plant support; they're integral to the commercial textile industry as well.

Commercial Use of Plant Fibres

The commercial use of plant fibres has been a cornerstone of human civilization for thousands of years. Phloem fibres like jute, flax, and hemp, have particularly made a significant impact on the textile industry due to their durability, versatility, and sustainability.

• Jute: Known for its golden and silky shine, jute is mainly used for making burlap, hessian or gunny cloth, and various types of sacks. It is also incorporated into carpets, curtains, and other furnishings.
• Flax: This phloem fibre is used to produce linen, a textile prized for its crisp and fresh feeling. It's also used in making twine and rope.
• Hemp: With increased interest in sustainable materials, hemp is becoming popular for making clothing, bio-fuel, and eco-friendly plastics.

Each of these fibres demonstrates unique properties that make them suitable for specific uses. For instance, jute is exceptionally bio-degradable and thus environmentally friendly, while flax is valued for its strength and hemp for its minimal environmental impact. These commercial applications show the importance of understanding plant anatomy not just from a botanical perspective but also for its economic implications.

Botanical Science

Diving deeper into botanical science, we discover that it's an extensive field encompassing the study of plant structure, function, classification, distribution, and ecology. It is through botanical research that we've been able to identify and utilize phloem fibres. Botanical science not only enhances our understanding of plant life but also guides us toward sustainable practices that incorporate plant resources like phloem fibres.

Through observations and experiments, botanists study different plant tissues, understanding their roles in plant health and growth. This knowledge is instrumental in a variety of applications, from agriculture to pharmacology and even to the textile industry. By identifying the properties of phloem fibres, botanists can advise farmers on crop selection for fiber production and guide industries in choosing the right plant fibres for their products. The foundation of botanical science in everyday commodities underscores the inextricable link between biological research and commercial success.