Problem 53 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Which one of the following polymers is prepared by condensation polymerization? (a) Nylon-6, 6 (b) Teflon (c) Rubber (d) Styrene

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Nylon-6, 6 is prepared by condensation polymerization.

Step 1: Identifying Condensation Polymerization

Condensation polymerization is a type of polymerization in which a polymer forms by the successive condensation of monomers, with the elimination of a small molecule such as water, ammonia, or hydrogen chloride.

Step 2: Analyzing Option (a): Nylon-6, 6

Nylon-6,6 is a polyamide prepared by the condensation polymerization of hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid, releasing water as a byproduct. Thus, it fits the criteria for condensation polymerization.

Step 3: Analyzing Option (b): Teflon

Teflon, or PTFE, is formed by the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, a process known as addition polymerization, which does not involve the elimination of any small molecules.

Step 4: Analyzing Option (c): Rubber

Natural rubber is primarily formed from the polymerization of isoprene, which is an example of addition polymerization. It does not fit the criteria of condensation polymerization.

Step 5: Analyzing Option (d): Styrene

Styrene undergoes polymerization to form polystyrene through addition polymerization. It is not formed through condensation polymerization.

Step 6: Conclusion

Based on the analysis above, Nylon-6,6 is the polymer which is prepared by condensation polymerization.

Key Concepts

Nylon-6,6

Nylon-6,6 is a fascinating material known for its strength and durability. This polyamide is created when two different monomers—hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid—come together. These molecules contain specific functional groups that allow them to react with one another.

• Hexamethylenediamine has two amine groups.
• Adipic acid contains two carboxylic acid groups.

When these monomers are combined, a chemical reaction occurs, releasing water as a byproduct. The end result is Nylon-6,6, a type of condensation polymer. This process forms a strong and versatile polymer used in many applications, like making ropes, textiles, and auto parts. The elimination of water enhances the polymer's properties, making it suitable for various high-performance tasks.

Polymerization Types

Polymerization is a chemical reaction in which simple molecules known as monomers join together to form a more complex molecule called a polymer. There are two primary types of polymerization processes you should know about: addition polymerization and condensation polymerization.
In addition polymerization, monomers add to each other to form a polymer without the loss of any small molecules. It's a straightforward accumulation of monomers. A classic example includes the formation of Teflon, where tetrafluoroethylene molecules link to form the polymer.
On the other hand, condensation polymerization involves each monomer releasing a small byproduct, typically water, ammonia, or an acid, as they join together. This process results in polymers such as Nylon-6,6 and polyester. The removal of these small molecules often enhances the strength and thermal properties of the resulting polymer, making them suitable for diverse applications.

Monomers and Byproducts

In the context of condensation polymerization, it’s crucial to understand the role of monomers and byproducts. Monomers are the small molecules or units that come together to form polymers. These building blocks have reactive functional groups that enable them to link up with other monomers.
When monomers such as hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid were used to create Nylon-6,6, a molecule of water is released as a byproduct. This happens each time a link is formed between the monomers. Other common byproducts can include ammonia or hydrogen chloride, depending on the types of monomers involved.
Understanding these reaction details is vital for manipulating the polymerization process to create materials with desired properties. As each small molecule is eliminated, the polymer chain grows, achieving the unique characteristics of strength and flexibility found in materials like Nylon-6,6.