Problem 49 - Chemistry: The Central Science

Question

Draw the condensed structure of the compounds formed by condensation reactions between (a) benzoic acid and ethanol, (b) ethanoic acid and methylamine, (c) acetic acid and phenol. Name the compound in each case.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The condensed structures and names of the compounds formed by condensation reactions between the given pairs are: a) Benzoic acid and ethanol: Condensed Structure: \(C_6H_5COOCH_2CH_3\) Compound Name: Ethyl benzoate b) Ethanoic acid and methylamine: Condensed Structure: \(CH_3CONHCH_3\) Compound Name: N-methylethanamide c) Acetic acid and phenol: Condensed Structure: \(CH_3COOC_6H_5\) Compound Name: Phenyl acetate

Step 1: Identify the functional groups in each molecule

Benzoic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH) attached to a benzene ring, while ethanol has an alcohol functional group (-OH).

Step 2: Perform the condensation reaction

In this case, condensation occurs between the carboxylic acid group of benzoic acid and the alcohol group of ethanol. The reaction results in the formation of an ester and removal of a water molecule. \(C_6H_5COOH + HOCH_2CH_3 \rightarrow C_6H_5COOCH_2CH_3 + H_2O\)

Step 3: Draw the condensed structure and name the compound

The condensed structure of the product is: C₆H₅COOCH₂CH₃ The compound's name is ethyl benzoate, an ester. #b) Ethanoic acid and methylamine#

Step 1: Identify the functional groups in each molecule

Ethanoic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), and methylamine has an amine functional group (-NH₂).

Step 2: Perform the condensation reaction

In this case, condensation occurs between the carboxylic acid group of ethanoic acid and the amine group of methylamine. The reaction results in the formation of an amide and removal of a water molecule. \(CH_3COOH + CH_3NH_2 \rightarrow CH_3CONHCH_3 + H_2O\)

Step 3: Draw the condensed structure and name the compound

The condensed structure of the product is: CH₃CONHCH₃ The compound's name is N-methylethanamide, an amide. #c) Acetic acid and phenol#

Step 1: Identify the functional groups in each molecule

Acetic acid has a carboxylic acid functional group (-COOH), while phenol has a phenol functional group (-OH) attached to a benzene ring.

Step 2: Perform the condensation reaction

In this case, condensation occurs between the carboxylic acid group of acetic acid and the phenolic group of phenol. The reaction results in the formation of an ester and removal of a water molecule. \(CH_3COOH + C_6H_5OH \rightarrow CH_3COOC_6H_5 + H_2O\)

Step 3: Draw the condensed structure and name the compound

The condensed structure of the product is: CH₃COOC₆H₅ The compound's name is phenyl acetate, an ester.