Problem 38

Question

A general linear equation of a line is given. Find the \(x\) -intercept, the \(y\) -intercept, and the slope of the line. $$ x / 2+2 y=4 $$

Step-by-Step Solution

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Answer
The line has a slope of -1/4, a y-intercept of 2, and an x-intercept of 8.
1Step 1: Convert to Slope-Intercept Form
The equation is given as \( \frac{x}{2} + 2y = 4 \). To find the slope and intercepts, first convert this equation to the slope-intercept form \( y = mx + b \). Start by solving for \( y \). First, subtract \( \frac{x}{2} \) from both sides: \[ 2y = -\frac{x}{2} + 4 \]Next, divide all terms by 2:\[ y = -\frac{1}{4}x + 2 \]
2Step 2: Identify the Slope
In the slope-intercept form \( y = mx + b \), \( m \) represents the slope. From Step 1, the equation of the line is:\[ y = -\frac{1}{4}x + 2 \]Thus, the slope \( m \) is \(-\frac{1}{4}\).
3Step 3: Determine the y-intercept
In the equation \( y = -\frac{1}{4}x + 2 \), \( b \) is the y-intercept. From the equation, we see:\[ b = 2 \]So, the \( y \)-intercept is 2, meaning the line crosses the y-axis at the point (0, 2).
4Step 4: Find the x-intercept
To find the x-intercept, set \( y = 0 \) in the original equation and solve for \( x \):\[ \frac{x}{2} + 2(0) = 4 \]\[ \frac{x}{2} = 4 \]Multiply both sides by 2:\[ x = 8 \]Thus, the x-intercept is the point (8, 0).

Key Concepts

Understanding the x-interceptExploring the y-interceptWhat is the slope of a line?
Understanding the x-intercept
In a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the line crosses the x-axis. At this specific point, the value of y is zero. To find the x-intercept from a given equation, you simply set the y value to zero and solve for x.

In our example, the equation is \( \frac{x}{2} + 2y = 4 \). To find the x-intercept, we substitute \( y = 0 \) into the equation:
\[ \frac{x}{2} + 2(0) = 4 \]
This simplifies to \( \frac{x}{2} = 4 \).
By multiplying both sides by 2, we find that \( x = 8 \). Thus, the x-intercept is at the point \( (8, 0) \).

  • The x-intercept is helpful in graphing as it provides a clear point through which the line must pass.
  • Identifying where the line crosses the axes can simplify understanding the behavior of the line on the coordinate plane.
Exploring the y-intercept
The y-intercept is where a line crosses the y-axis. At this point, the x value is zero. In the slope-intercept form of a linear equation, \( y = mx + b \), \( b \) is the y-intercept.

For the given line \( y = -\frac{1}{4}x + 2 \), the y-intercept \( b \) is 2.
This tells us that the line crosses the y-axis at point \( (0, 2) \).

Remember, when a line crosses the y-axis, it provides a starting point to graph the rest of the line. Since the x-coordinate is zero at the y-intercept, this point serves as a reference to locate the entire line on a graph.

  • Knowing the y-intercept allows you to quickly plot one point on the graph.
  • It's crucial for verifying your calculations are correct when shifting between different equation forms.
What is the slope of a line?
The slope of a line measures its steepness and direction, defined by the rise over the run between any two points on the line. In the slope-intercept form \( y = mx + b \), \( m \) is the slope.

In our example, the equation \( y = -\frac{1}{4}x + 2 \) indicates the slope \( m \) is \(-\frac{1}{4}\).
This negative slope shows the line decreases as it moves from left to right.

  • A slope of \(-\frac{1}{4}\) means for every four units the line moves horizontally, it will drop one unit vertically.
  • The slope is a key factor in determining the angle of a line relative to the x-axis.
  • It helps predict how changes in x will affect y, which is useful in countless real-world applications such as calculating rates of change.
Understanding how to calculate and interpret the slope helps in graphing and analyzing linear relationships efficiently.