Problem 35 - Chemistry An Atoms First Approach

Question

Write balanced equations that describe the following reactions. a. the dissociation of perchloric acid in water b. the dissociation of propanoic acid \(\left(\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}\right)\) in water c. the dissociation of ammonium ion in water

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

a. \( \mathrm{HClO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{ClO}_{4}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) \) b. \( \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} (\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{2}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \) c. \( \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) \)

Step 1: Identify the chemical formulas of the reactants and products.

In this case, we have perchloric acid dissociating in water. The chemical formula of perchloric acid is HClO4, and water is H2O.

Step 2: Write the balanced equation for the dissociation of perchloric acid in water.

The dissociation of perchloric acid in water can be written as: $$ \mathrm{HClO}_{4}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{H}_{3} \mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{ClO}_{4}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) $$ b. the dissociation of propanoic acid in water

Step 1: Identify the chemical formulas of the reactants and products.

In this case, we have propanoic acid dissociating in water. The chemical formula of propanoic acid is \( \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2}\mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H} \), and water is \( \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\).

Step 2: Write the balanced equation for the dissociation of propanoic acid in water.

The dissociation of propanoic acid in water can be written as: $$ \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} (\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{2}^{-}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) $$ c. the dissociation of ammonium ion in water

Step 1: Identify the chemical formulas of the reactants and products.

In this case, we have the ammonium ion dissociating in water. The chemical formula of the ammonium ion is \( \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+} \), and water is \( \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\).

Step 2: Write the balanced equation for the dissociation of ammonium ion in water.

The dissociation of ammonium ion in water can be written as: $$ \mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}(\mathrm{l}) \rightarrow \mathrm{NH}_{3}(\mathrm{aq}) + \mathrm{H}_{3}\mathrm{O}^{+}(\mathrm{aq}) $$