Problem 30 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

\(\mathrm{F}_{2} \mathrm{C}=\mathrm{CF}_{2}\) is monomer of (a) Teflon (b) glyptal (c) Nylon-6 (d) Buna-S

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) Teflon

Step 1: Understand the chemical formula

The given formula is \( \mathrm{F}_{2} \mathrm{C} = \mathrm{CF}_{2} \), which represents a compound with two fluorine atoms and two carbon atoms, featuring a double bond between the carbon atoms.

Step 2: Identify the monomer

The compound, \( \mathrm{F}_{2} \mathrm{C} = \mathrm{CF}_{2} \), is known as tetrafluoroethylene, C2F4. This compound is used as the monomer for a specific type of polymer.

Step 3: Match the monomer to a polymer

Tetrafluoroethylene is the monomer used to make Teflon, which is a type of polymer known for its non-stick properties.

Key Concepts

Tetrafluoroethylene

Tetrafluoroethylene is a chemical compound with the formula \(\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{F}_4\). It consists of two carbon atoms double-bonded to each other, with each carbon also bonded to two fluorine atoms. This configuration gives tetrafluoroethylene its distinct characteristics: high chemical resistance and temperature stability.

• The chemical structure is noted for its symmetry and stability.
• Fluorine, being highly electronegative, bestows the compound with exceptional inertness.

These properties make it an ideal building block, or monomer, for creating polymers that are robust in harsh chemical environments and can withstand significant thermal exposure. Understanding tetrafluoroethylene is crucial because it forms the basis of several synthetic polymers used in various industries.

Teflon

Teflon is a widely recognized name, primarily known for its role in non-stick cookware. However, its utility extends beyond just kitchen items. Its technical name is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which is a polymer formed by the polymerization of the monomer tetrafluoroethylene.

• The polymerization process involves linking many tetrafluoroethylene molecules in a repeating chain.
• This chain is highly resistant to heat and chemicals, making it suitable for various applications such as gaskets, seals, and coating materials.

Teflon's slippery surface stems from the strong carbon-fluorine bonds in PTFE, offering minimal friction and making it a staple in industries requiring high durability and non-reactive materials. Overall, Teflon is an excellent example of how monomers like tetrafluoroethylene are transformed into practical and versatile materials.

Monomer Identification

Understanding and identifying monomers is a fundamental aspect of polymer chemistry. Monomers are the small, repeating units that join together to form polymers. The identity of a polymer is dictated by the monomers it comprises.

For instance, in the original exercise, tetrafluoroethylene (\(\mathrm{C}_2\mathrm{F}_4\)) serves as the monomer for Teflon. This identification is crucial because:

• Different monomers create polymers with varying properties.
• Correct monomer identification ensures the desired characteristics in the final product.

Essentially, monomers are like the building blocks in a complex structure, where the arrangement and type of building blocks dictate the overall characteristics and functionality of the resulting material. Proper identification and understanding of monomers allow scientists and engineers to design materials with tailored properties suitable for specific applications.