Problem 3 - Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach

Question

Match the terms with the following descriptions of delirium: (a) memory, (b) cause, (c) counseling, (d) confused, (e) elderly, and (f) trauma. Delirium severely affects people’s ____________, making tasks such as recalling one’s own name difficult.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Memory affects recalling tasks, matching delirium with term (a).

Step 1: Understand the Question

The question asks us to match a term with a description of delirium that involves difficulty in recalling tasks such as one's own name. This hints at a cognitive function issue.

Step 2: Identify Key Terms

The key description is about the difficulty in recalling information, which suggests a problem with memory. We need to match this description with the appropriate term from the list of (a) memory, (b) cause, (c) counseling, (d) confused, (e) elderly, and (f) trauma.

Step 3: Match the Description

The description involves a difficulty in recalling which is directly related to the term "memory". Hence, 'memory' is the correct term that matches the description.

Key Concepts

Memory Impairment

Memory impairment is a common symptom of delirium. It makes simple tasks daunting because the affected individual cannot recall important information. This often includes difficulty remembering names, appointments, or even everyday tasks. Delirium impacts short-term memory, which can cause confusion about events or conversations that just happened.

• This memory loss can be frightening for both the individual and their loved ones, leading to further emotional distress.
• It is essential to understand that memory impairment in delirium is usually temporary, resolving as the underlying cause is treated.

Memory aids or supportive counseling can help manage these symptoms temporarily. It’s important for caregivers to be patient and provide a supportive environment to minimize the anxiety associated with memory lapses.

Elderly Patients

Elderly patients are particularly susceptible to delirium. As people age, they often face decreased cognitive reserves, meaning there are fewer resources available for cognitive processes.

• This makes them more vulnerable to the factors that can trigger delirium, such as infections, medications, or hospitalizations.
• Furthermore, elderly individuals might experience more pronounced symptoms due to pre-existing conditions or slower metabolism of medications.

Preventing delirium in elderly patients involves careful management of medications, hydration, and overall health monitoring. Providing a familiar and calm environment can also help reduce the risk of delirium episodes.

Cognitive Dysfunction

Cognitive dysfunction in the context of delirium refers to disruptions in normal thought processes. This dysfunction can manifest as difficulty with attention, perception, and reasoning.

• Patients may have trouble focusing or may become easily distracted.
• They might experience disorientation, not knowing where they are or what time it is.
• Logical thinking can be impaired, making it difficult for the person to follow conversations or complete everyday tasks.

Supportive care aimed at reorienting the patient and maintaining a consistent daily routine can significantly help alleviate the severity of cognitive dysfunction. Monitoring and addressing any underlying health issues is crucial for recovery from delirium.