Problem 21 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

PVC is formed by polymerization of (a) 1 -chloroethene (b) ethane (c) propene (d) 1-chloropropane

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

PVC is formed by polymerization of 1-chloroethene.

Step 1: Understand the Problem

The problem asks us to identify the monomer used to form PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) through polymerization from four given options.

Step 2: Recall the Definition of PVC

PVC, or Polyvinyl Chloride, is a type of plastic polymer that is widely used in various applications such as pipes, clothing, and electrical cable insulation. It is known to be synthesized from the monomer vinyl chloride.

Step 3: Analyze Each Option

Examine each given option to determine which one is vinyl chloride, the monomer used to make PVC. The options are: (a) 1-chloroethene, (b) ethane, (c) propene, and (d) 1-chloropropane.

Step 4: Identify the Correct Monomer

1-chloroethene is the chemical name for vinyl chloride. The term "chloroethene" indicates the presence of a chlorine atom (chloro-) attached to an ethene molecule. This is the correct monomer for PVC polymerization.

Step 5: Cross-Verify Other Options

Double-check the other options: - Ethane (b) is a saturated hydrocarbon and cannot polymerize to form PVC. - Propene (c) and 1-chloropropane (d) are different compounds and are not used in PVC production.

Key Concepts

Monomers

When it comes to understanding the basics of polymerization, monomers are a crucial element. A monomer is a simple molecule that binds with other similar molecules to form larger compounds known as polymers. Think of them as the building blocks that connect repeatedly to build something bigger, like beads joining to form a necklace.
Every polymer is made from specific monomers, and identifying the right monomer is key in polymer creation. For instance, to create Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), the monomer needed is vinyl chloride. Recognizing and understanding these monomers can help greatly in determining the properties and applications of the resulting polymer.

• Monomers can form polymers by undergoing chemical reactions.
• They usually join through processes involving heat or catalysts to facilitate bonding.
• The nature of the monomer directly impacts the properties of the polymer.

Understanding monomers and their characteristics can deepen your appreciation of polymer chemistry and the vast array of materials derived from this process.

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

Polyvinyl Chloride, commonly known as PVC, is an incredibly versatile material used in our daily lives. It is one of the most widely produced plastics in the world, thanks to its affordability and durability. PVC is used in products ranging from pipes and fittings in plumbing to insulating materials in electrical wires.
PVC is a polymer, which means it's made up of repeating units of a specific chemical compound. This compound, or monomer, is vinyl chloride. When vinyl chloride molecules are chemically bonded together through a process called polymerization, they form long chains, creating PVC.

• PVC is known for its robustness and resilience.
• It's resistant to moisture and chemicals, making it ideal for numerous applications.
• PVC can also be made flexible or rigid depending on the requirements, making it suitable for varied uses.

Its adaptability makes PVC a material of choice for many industries, and understanding its formation and characteristics can provide insight into its widespread applications.

Vinyl Chloride

Vinyl chloride is a chemical compound that is often highlighted due to its role as the monomer for creating Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). It is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature and has a slightly sweet odor.
In the polymerization process, the double bonds in vinyl chloride molecules are broken so they can link up with other vinyl chloride molecules. This linkage forms the long, repeating chain structure that characterizes PVC. Understanding vinyl chloride's chemical makeup is essential in comprehending how such a simple compound can transform into a highly durable plastic.

• Vinyl chloride formula is represented as \(C_2H_3Cl\).
• It contains a chlorine atom, which plays a pivotal role in the polymerization process.
• The presence of chlorine in vinyl chloride provides PVC with its characteristic durability and resistance properties.

By examining vinyl chloride's chemical nature, we can appreciate the complex science that allows for the creation of PVC and its numerous beneficial uses in modern society.