Problem 184 - Objective Biology for NEET

Question

Select the correct matching: \(\begin{array}{ll}\text { (a) Betta }- & \text { Fighting fish }\end{array}\) (b) Hippocampus Flying fish (c) Pterophyllum - Fighting fish (d) Clarias Labeo

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct matching is: (a) Betta - Fighting fish.

Step 1: Identify each fish species

Search in a reliable source like a textbook or online database to identify each fish species and find their common names. In this case, the fish species are: Betta, Hippocampus, Pterophyllum and Clarias.

Step 2: Match each species to its common name

After identifying each fish species and their common names, match them according to the given options. The matching would be as follows:- Betta: Also known as Siamese Fighting Fish. So, (a) is correct as Betta is a Fighting fish.- Hippocampus: Commonly known as a seahorse, not a flying fish. Hence, (b) is incorrect.- Pterophyllum: Commonly known as angelfish, not a fighting fish. Thus, (c) is incorrect.- Clarias: Commonly known as a catfish, not Labeo. Therefore, (d) is incorrect.

Key Concepts

Fish Species Identification

Fish species identification is crucial for understanding biodiversity in aquatic environments. It involves recognizing and distinguishing various fish based on their unique characteristics. This practice supports ecological studies, conservation efforts, and even the fishing industry.
One common method for species identification is through physical attributes such as

• Coloration
• Body shape
• Size
• Fin structure

For instance, the colour and vibrant fin patterns help distinguish a Betta fish from others. Scientists and hobbyists may also use genetic analysis for more accurate species identification. Today, many online databases and mobile applications aid in identifying fish by providing an extensive collection of images and characteristic descriptions.

Common Names of Fish

Common names of fish are the non-scientific terms used by the general public to refer to various species. These names can vary widely across different languages and regions, leading to occasional confusion. For example, "Betta" is commonly known as the "Siamese Fighting Fish". The term "Betta" itself is derived from the Malay word "ikan betta".
Common names are easy to remember and are usually descriptive of some notable characteristic or behavior of the fish. However, while common names provide a more accessible way to talk about fish, they are not standardized. Thus, scientific names are essential to ensure clarity in communication among scientists globally. Knowing both the common and scientific names is beneficial for anyone studying marine biology, aquaculture, or simply keeping an aquarium.

Biological Taxonomy

Biological taxonomy is the science of naming, describing, and classifying living organisms. This system helps organize the vast diversity of life into categories that are easier to study and understand. The taxonomy of fish, like all organisms, follows a hierarchical structure. It progresses from broader categories to more specific ones:

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

For example, the Betta fish belongs to the genus 'Betta' and the species 'splendens', hence its scientific name is Betta splendens. This system provides a universal language for biologists, ensuring that every species has a unique and universally recognized identifier. The use of Latin or Greek terms in taxonomy allows for consistency and neutrality, avoiding linguistic favoritism of any particular country or language.