Problem 160 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Match the following \begin{tabular}{ll} \hline Column-I & Column-II \\ \hline (a) Asbestos & (p) Calcium \\ (b) Willemite & (q) Lead \\ (c) Anglesite & (r) Silicate \\ (d) Diaspore & (s) Aluminium \\ & (t) Sulphate \\ \hline \end{tabular}

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Matches are: (a) - (r), (b) - none directly, (c) - (q), (d) - (s).

Step 1: Understanding Column-I

Let's interpret Column-I, which contains a list of mineral names: - (a) Asbestos - (b) Willemite - (c) Anglesite - (d) Diaspore Our goal is to match these minerals with their corresponding chemical component or category from Column-II.

Step 2: Understanding Column-II

Now, let's interpret the available options in Column-II: - (p) Calcium - (q) Lead - (r) Silicate - (s) Aluminium - (t) Sulphate Each mineral from Column-I will have a unique match in Column-II based on its chemical composition or classification.

Step 3: Matching Asbestos

Asbestos is known for its fibrous silicate minerals. The correct match for Asbestos would be with (r), indicating it belongs to the Silicate group. **Match:** (a) Asbestos - (r) Silicate

Step 4: Matching Willemite

Willemite is a zinc silicate mineral often associated with fluorescent properties. However, since 'zinc' or 'fluorescent' is not listed, we should match it with the correct mineral category it belongs to. Since no other element fits zinc directly from Column-II, this match isn't straightforward from the options given.

Step 5: Matching Anglesite

Anglesite is a lead sulphate mineral. Based on this fact, Anglesite matches with either a mention of Lead or Sulphate. Since 'Lead' is available (q), Anglesite is matched accordingly. **Match:** (c) Anglesite - (q) Lead

Step 6: Matching Diaspore

Diaspore is an aluminium oxide hydroxide mineral. Given that 'Aluminium' is an option, Diaspore should be matched with (s) Aluminium. **Match:** (d) Diaspore - (s) Aluminium

Step 7: Verifying and Finalizing Matches

Review the completed matches: - (a) Asbestos - (r) Silicate - (b) Willemite remains unmatched with none specifically matching zinc directly. - (c) Anglesite - (q) Lead - (d) Diaspore - (s) Aluminium If certain matches don’t perfectly align (i.e., Willemite), consider exploring further in different contexts or resources matching similarly with calcium (p), if silicates weren't considered elsewhere.

Key Concepts

Mineralogy

Mineralogy is the branch of geology that studies minerals, which are natural compounds formed through geological processes. These minerals have specific chemical compositions and varying physical properties. Understanding mineralogy involves exploring different types of minerals, their formation, and their uses.
Certain characteristics define a mineral, such as:

• It must occur naturally.
• It must be inorganic.
• It must have a definite chemical composition.
• It must have a crystalline structure.

Mineralogy plays an essential role in various industries. It assists in identifying materials for construction, technology, manufacturing, and even jewelry. Grasping the fundamental principles of mineralogy is crucial for identifying and utilizing earth's natural resources effectively.

Chemical Composition

Chemical composition is key in understanding what minerals are made of. It refers to the elements or compounds making up a mineral and their proportions. For example, the chemical composition of Asbestos includes silicate minerals, while Anglesite is comprised of lead and sulphate.
The chemical composition determines:

• The mineral's physical properties like color, hardness, and density.
• The mineral's stability under various environments.
• Its potential uses or hazards.

Recognizing the chemical composition is an integral part of studying minerals. It helps in classifying them correctly and understanding how they might interact with other substances or environments. Thus, chemical composition not only dictates what a mineral is but also influences how it can be applied in various fields.

Classification of Minerals

Classifying minerals involves grouping them based on specific characteristics such as chemical composition and crystal structure. This classification helps in understanding the relationships between different minerals and their potential uses.
There are several broad categories in mineral classification:

• Silicates: These are minerals like Asbestos, primarily composed of silicon and oxygen.
• Oxides: Consist of minerals formed with oxygen and one or more metals, such as Diaspore that's an aluminium oxide.
• Sulphates: Minerals containing the sulphate ion, like Anglesite.
• Carbonates, Halides, Sulfides, and Native elements are other groups based on chemistry and structure.

Knowing the classification of minerals is crucial for geologists and industry professionals. It aids in identifying minerals in nature and determining their best applications, whether in construction, technology, or other sectors.