Problem 159 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Match the following Column-I (a) \(\mathrm{Al}\) (b) \(\mathrm{Cu}\) (c) \(\mathrm{Mg}\) (d) \(\mathrm{Zn}\) Column-II (p) Calamine (q) Cryolite (r) Malachite (s) Carnallite (t) Magnesite

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) Al -> q, (b) Cu -> r, (c) Mg -> s, (d) Zn -> p

Step 1: Understanding the Compounds

Match each element in Column-I to a compound name in Column-II. Elements are typically found in minerals or ore forms, so we need to know the common mineral forms of each listed element in Column-I.

Step 2: Element-Compound Identification

Identify the mineral forms of each element: - (a) Aluminum (Al) is commonly found in Cryolite (Na3AlF6). - (b) Copper (Cu) is commonly found in Malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2). - (c) Magnesium (Mg) is found in Carnallite (KMgCl3
6H2O). - (d) Zinc (Zn) is found in Calamine, which commonly refers to Smithsonite (ZnCO3). Magnesite (MgCO3) is primarily associated with magnesium, but here it is identified that Carnallite is the given option in the match.

Step 3: Pairing Elements to Compounds

Using the identifications made in Step 2, match each element from Column-I to the corresponding compound from Column-II: - (a) Al -> Cryolite (q) - (b) Cu -> Malachite (r) - (c) Mg -> Carnallite (s) - (d) Zn -> Calamine (p)

Key Concepts

Ore Identification

Ore identification is a fundamental skill in inorganic chemistry and geology, where each element is associated with specific minerals or ores. Identifying an ore means recognizing the natural mineral within which a metal is profitably extracted. Ores can have unique physical and chemical properties such as color, hardness, crystal form, and reactivity. For example, calamine, often associated with zinc, is a white or colorless mineral, whereas malachite, a copper ore, is known for its vibrant green color. Recognizing these visual cues helps in identifying ores efficiently.

Minerals and Compounds

In minerals, elements are bonded in a structured way to form compounds. A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a defined chemical composition and an ordered atomic structure. Compounds in minerals may include a variety of elements but focus on key components, such as magnesium in magnesite (MgCO3) or aluminum in cryolite (Na3AlF6). Understanding the composition of minerals helps in determining their commercial viability in extracting specific elements. Minerals' stability, abundance, and economic value are significant factors in their classification as ores.

Element-Mineral Matching

Element-mineral matching involves associating chemical elements with their respective mineral forms, crucial in mining and material science. Each element has one or more preferred mineral forms, like aluminum is prominently found in cryolite and bauxite. This is essential for a variety of industrial processes, including metallurgy and the extraction of metals. For instance, identifying copper's presence in malachite, which has the vivid green indicative of copper carbonate hydroxide, is vital for copper extraction methods. Matching elements to minerals thus ensures efficient utilization of natural resources.

IIT JEE Chemistry

IIT JEE Chemistry involves a vast exploration of concepts in chemistry, including inorganic chemistry, which covers ore and mineral identification. This examination challenges students on their ability to intertwine theoretical knowledge with practical understanding. Questions often require a deeper comprehension of element properties, such as the connection between zinc and calamine or magnesium and carnallite. The application of these concepts aids students in solving complex problems efficiently, given their relevance to real-world chemical industries and technologies. Success in IIT JEE Chemistry enhances one's ability to communicate complex ideas clearly and solve rigorous scientific problems.