Problem 151 - Objective Biology for NEET

Question

Assertion: \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) produced by cells have to be released out of animal body. Reason: \(\mathrm{CO}_{2}\) is harmful gas.

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Yes, CO2 produced by cells must be released out of the animal body because it can be harmful at high concentrations, potentially leading to a condition known as hypercapnia. The primary method of CO2 removal is through respiration.

Step 1: Understand the role of CO2 in cellular respiration

CO2 is a by-product of cellular respiration, a process in which cells break down glucose to produce energy. This process produces CO2 that needs to be eliminated from the body.

Step 2: Understand the harm of CO2

High concentrations of CO2 in the body can be harmful. It can disrupt the balance of gases in the body, leading to a condition known as hypercapnia. Symptoms can include dizziness, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, headaches, and in severe cases, it can be life-threatening.

Step 3: Understand the body's method of CO2 removal

The body has mechanisms to get rid of this excess CO2. The main method is through respiration, where CO2 from the bloodstream is expelled through the lungs when we breathe out.

Key Concepts

CO2 Removal

In the body, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a natural by-product of cellular respiration. As our cells work tirelessly to transform glucose into energy, they inevitably generate CO2 as a waste product.
Getting rid of this CO2 is crucial for maintaining our body’s homeostasis.

• Cells release CO2 into the bloodstream, where it dissolves and is carried towards the lungs.
• In the lungs, CO2 gets exchanged for oxygen and is expelled from the body when we exhale.

This efficient removal process is vital, as it prevents the accumulation of carbon dioxide, which can disrupt the delicate balance of gases in our blood.

Hypercapnia

Hypercapnia is a condition resulting from excessive CO2 in the bloodstream.
Its effects on the body can be serious, manifesting quickly if CO2 isn't properly expelled.

• Primary symptoms include dizziness, confusion, and shortness of breath.
• If not addressed, it can escalate to increased heart rate, difficulty breathing, or even loss of consciousness.

Even though hypercapnia might sound alarming, our body has effective mechanisms to prevent it. Regular breathing helps maintain the proper levels of gases, keeping our bodily functions running smoothly.

Respiration Process

The respiration process is fundamental in not only providing vital oxygen to our cells but also in removing waste products like CO2.
This process begins when you take a breath in.

• The oxygen from the inhaled air travels to the alveoli in the lungs, where it enters the bloodstream.
• Simultaneously, CO2 in the blood is captured by the alveoli.
• During exhalation, this CO2 is expelled from the body, ensuring the blood retains an optimal pH level.

This balance is a testament to how intricately our respiratory and circulatory systems work together to keep us healthy. Understanding the importance of these processes highlights how essential proper breathing and healthy lung function are to our overall wellbeing.