Problem 142 - Objective Biology for NEET

Question

Ribosomes are the granular structure first observed under the electron microscope as dense particle by which scientist (a) Robert Brown (1831) (b) George Palade (1953) (c) Camillo Golgi (1898) (d) Singer and Nicolson (1972)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(b) George Palade (1953)

Step 1: Understand the Choices

Look at each option provided. Each scientist was instrumental in various biological discoveries. Understand that Robert Brown discovered the cell nucleus, George Palade was instrumental in the discovery of ribosomes, Camillo Golgi discovered the Golgi apparatus, and Singer and Nicolson proposed the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes.

Step 2: Associate Discoveries with Scientists

Try to recall the discoveries associated with each scientist mentioned in the options. In this case, George Palade is associated with the discovery mentioned in the question.

Step 3: Specify the Answer

After recalling the information correctly, confirm that the scientist who first observed ribosomes under an electron microscope was George Palade. So the correct answer is option (b) George Palade (1953).

Key Concepts

George Palade

George Palade was a pioneering scientist in the field of cellular biology. In 1953, he made a groundbreaking discovery using an advanced tool called an electron microscope. This discovery involved observing ribosomes, which are essential cellular components, for the first time in detail.

Ribosomes play a crucial role in protein synthesis, a fundamental process necessary for all living organisms. By identifying ribosomes, Palade could help others understand how cells function at a molecular level.

Palade's work has had a lasting impact on cell biology and medicine, aiding our understanding of how proteins that support cellular functions are produced.

His research also earned him numerous prestigious awards, including the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974.

electron microscope

An electron microscope is a highly advanced scientific instrument that uses electron beams to capture detailed images of tiny biological specimens. This technology provides much higher magnification and resolution than a regular light microscope.

The electron microscope enabled scientists, like George Palade, to have a closer look at cell components that weren't visible before, leading to significant advancements in cellular biology.

With this tool, scientists can:

• Explore cell structures in fine detail.
• Understand more about complex biological processes.
• Comprehend diseases by examining affected cells closely.

Overall, the electron microscope has revolutionized our ability to study life at the smallest scales, opening new avenues for research and discovery.

cellular biology

Cellular biology is the study of cells, which are the smallest units of life. It looks at the structure, function, and behavior of cells, helping us understand how living organisms grow, reproduce, and interact with their environments.

Key areas of cellular biology include:

• The study of cell structures and their functions, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
• Investigations into how cells divide and differentiate into specialized cell types.
• Understanding cell communication and how cells respond to signals.

By focusing on cellular biology, scientists can delve into the details of genetic material, protein synthesis, and other biochemical processes crucial for life.

This field connects with many other disciplines, such as genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology, contributing to advancements in medicine and technology.