Problem 134 - Chemistry An Atoms First Approach

Question

Complete and balance the equations for the following reactions. a. \(\mathrm{Cs}(s)+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(l) \rightarrow\) b. \(\mathrm{Na}(s)+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(g) \rightarrow\)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The balanced equations for the given reactions are: a. \(Cs(s) + H_{2}O(l) \rightarrow 2CsOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)\) b. \(Na(s) + Cl_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2NaCl(s)\)

Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation

The reaction between cesium(Cs) and water(H₂O) generates cesium hydroxide (CsOH) and hydrogen gas (H₂). The unbalanced reaction is: Cs(s) + H₂O(l) → CsOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Step 2: Balance the equation

To balance this equation, we will adjust the coefficients in front of the reactants and products. There is 1 Cs atom on both sides of the equation, so the Cs atoms are balanced. Next, let's balance the oxygen atoms. There's 1 oxygen atom on both sides, so the O atoms are balanced. Finally, let's balance the hydrogen atoms. We have 2 hydrogen atoms on the left side and 3 hydrogen atoms on the right side. To balance H atoms, we can put a coefficient of 2 in front of CsOH: \(Cs(s) + H_{2}O(l) \rightarrow 2CsOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)\) Now let's check if everything is balanced - 1 Cs, 2 H, and 1 O atoms on both sides. Hence, the balanced equation for this reaction is: \(Cs(s) + H_{2}O(l) \rightarrow 2CsOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)\) #b. Reaction between Sodium and Chlorine#

Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation

The reaction between sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl₂) produces sodium chloride (NaCl). The unbalanced reaction is: Na(s) + Cl₂(g) → NaCl(s)

Step 2: Balance the equation

To balance the chemical equation, adjust the coefficients in front of the reactants and products. First, check the balance of sodium atoms. There is 1 Na atom on both sides, so Na atoms are balanced. Next, balance the chlorine atoms. There are 2 Cl atoms in Cl₂ and 1 Cl atom in NaCl. To balance Cl atoms, put a coefficient of 2 in front of NaCl: \(Na(s) + Cl_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2NaCl(s)\) Now let's check if everything is balanced - 1 Na and 2 Cl atoms on both sides. Hence, the balanced equation for this reaction is: \(Na(s) + Cl_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2NaCl(s)\)