Problem 124 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Match List I (compound) with List II (use) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List I List II (Compound) (Use) I. acetylsalicylic A. insecticide II. DDT B. drug III. naphthalene C. moth repellent IV. carbon tetrachloride D. fire extinguisher E. refrigerant (a) I-E, II-A, III-C, IV-D (b) I-B, II-C, III-D, IV-A (c) I-E, II-C, III-D, IV-A (d) I-B, II-A, III-C, IV-D

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct answer is option (d): I-B, II-A, III-C, IV-D.

Step 1: Analyze List I

First, we'll identify the compounds in List I. The compounds given are: I. acetylsalicylic, II. DDT, III. naphthalene, and IV. carbon tetrachloride.

Step 2: Analyze List II

Next, we'll identify the potential uses given in List II. The uses are: A. insecticide, B. drug, C. moth repellent, D. fire extinguisher, and E. refrigerant.

Step 3: Match acetylsalicylic

Acetylsalicylic acid is commonly known as aspirin, which is used as a medication. So, match acetylsalicylic with Use B: drug.

Step 4: Match DDT

DDT is well-known as a pesticide and insecticide. Match DDT with Use A: insecticide.

Step 5: Match naphthalene

Naphthalene is commonly found in mothballs, which are used as moth repellents. So, match naphthalene with Use C: moth repellent.

Step 6: Match carbon tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride has been used as a fire extinguisher in the past. Match carbon tetrachloride with Use D: fire extinguisher.

Step 7: Select the correct code

Combining all the matches gives us the sequence: I-B, II-A, III-C, IV-D. The correct answer corresponds to option (d).

Key Concepts

Acetylsalicylic Acid

Acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin, is a widely used medication. It is an analgesic, meaning it helps relieve pain. Additionally, it is an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic, which means it reduces inflammation and fever. Aspirin works by inhibiting an enzyme called cyclooxygenase. This enzyme is crucial for the production of certain chemicals in the body that promote inflammation and pain.

Here are some of the common uses of acetylsalicylic acid:

• Relief from minor aches and pains
• Reducing fever
• Reducing inflammation in conditions like arthritis
• Preventing blood clots in certain cardiovascular conditions

It's important to follow medical advice when using aspirin, as it can cause side effects like stomach upset or increased bleeding risk, especially in high doses.

DDT Usage

DDT stands for dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane, and it is one of the most famous insecticides in history. It came into widespread use after World War II to control mosquito populations that spread malaria and other diseases. DDT's effectiveness as an insecticide is due to its strong, long-lasting action, which made it very popular for agricultural and household use.

However, due to environmental and health concerns, DDT usage is restricted or banned in many countries today. Its bioaccumulative nature means it builds up in organisms, leading to harmful effects on wildlife and humans. Studies have shown that DDT can affect bird reproduction and has been linked to various health issues in humans.

While DDT is not widely used today, it played a significant role in controlling diseases and pests during the mid-20th century.

Naphthalene Applications

Naphthalene is an aromatic hydrocarbon known for its distinctive mothball scent. It is primarily used as a moth repellent in homes to protect clothing and other fabric items from moth damage. Naphthalene is effective in warding off pests due to its strong smell, which deters insects from settling in treated areas.

Beyond its use as a moth repellent, naphthalene is also valuable in industrial applications:

• Used in the production of chemicals like phthalic anhydride
• Involved in the manufacture of dyes
• Serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other organic compounds

While useful, naphthalene should be handled with care due to its potential health hazards.

Carbon Tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride, a compound once commonly used in fire extinguishers, is a volatile and non-flammable liquid. Its effectiveness in extinguishing fires stems from its ability to displace oxygen and suppress flames by creating a carbon dioxide blanket when exposed to heat. Unfortunately, its use has been significantly reduced due to its toxic nature.

Prolonged exposure to carbon tetrachloride vapors can lead to severe health issues, including liver and kidney damage. It is also a potent greenhouse gas and is harmful to the environment when released, contributing to ozone depletion.

Today, carbon tetrachloride's use has declined, replaced by safer alternatives for fire suppression and other applications. Its historical significance as a fire extinguisher, however, marks its importance in industrial safety practices.