Problem 121 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Which polymer is used in the manufacture of paints and lacquers? [2017] (a) Bakelite (b) Glyptal (c) Polypropene (d) Poly vinyl chloride

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

The correct polymer is Glyptal.

Step 1: Understanding the Question

The question asks for a polymer that is specifically used in the manufacture of paints and lacquers. To solve this, we need to understand some common applications of the given polymers.

Step 2: Identify Each Polymer

1. **Bakelite**: Known for its electrical non-conductivity and heat resistance, primarily used in electrical insulators and kitchenware. 2. **Glyptal**: A type of alkyd resin, commonly used as a binder in paints. 3. **Polypropene**: Used in packaging, textiles, and automotive parts. 4. **Poly vinyl chloride** (PVC): Used in pipes, cables, and synthetic leather.

Step 3: Determine the Correct Polymer

Considering the typical uses of each polymer, Glyptal stands out as it is specifically used in the manufacture of paints due to its properties as a good binder.

Key Concepts

Bakelite applications

Bakelite, developed by Belgian chemist Leo Baekeland, is one of the earliest synthetic polymers known to humanity. This thermosetting plastic is renowned for its electrical non-conductivity and heat resistance. These properties make it particularly useful in various applications.

One of the primary uses of Bakelite is in electrical insulators. It is often found in switches, sockets, and wiring boards, thanks to its ability to withstand heat and not conduct electricity. Furthermore, Bakelite's durability and resistance to chemical action make it ideal for kitchenware items such as handles for pots and pans.

In addition to these, Bakelite is used in the production of jewelry, notably in the late 1920s to 1940s. It became popular for making bright and bold accessories due to its ability to be easily molded and dyed.

• Electrical insulators
• Handles for kitchenware
• Jewelry and accessories

Glyptal

Glyptal is a type of alkyd resin and plays a crucial role in the manufacture of paints, especially as a binder. Binders are an essential component of paints, as they hold the pigment particles together and provide adhesion to the substrate. Glyptal enhances the durability and sheen of the paint.

One of the standout features of Glyptal is its flexibility and toughness, which it imparts to painted surfaces. This makes Glyptal paints suitable for both indoor and outdoor applications, providing long-lasting finishes that can endure various environmental conditions.

Apart from being used in paints, Glyptal also serves as an insulating material in electrical and electronic applications. It is employed in varnish form to coat wires and other electrical components. This is due to its excellent insulating properties, which help in protecting against electrical leakage.

• Binders in paints
• Durable and flexible finishes
• Insulating varnish for electrical use

Polypropene uses

Polypropene, also known as polypropylene, is a versatile polymer used in various industries thanks to its adaptability and strength. This thermoplastic polymer is widely used in packaging due to its lightweight and durable nature. Items such as food containers, caps, and films are often made from polypropene.

In the textile industry, polypropene is used to make a variety of fabrics and fibers for products like rugs, ropes, and reusable shopping bags. It offers excellent resistance to wear and tear, making it suitable for frequent use.

Another important application of polypropene is in the automotive industry. It is used in the manufacturing of car batteries, bumpers, and interior elements, where its strong and resilient properties are highly valued. Additionally, it is often chosen for its ability to resist heat and abrasion in these demanding applications.

• Packaging materials
• Textiles and reusable products
• Automotive parts

PVC applications

Poly vinyl chloride, commonly known as PVC, is a widely used synthetic polymer that is highly durable and versatile. One of the prominent uses of PVC is in the construction industry, where it serves as a material for pipes, window frames, and doors. It is valued for its robustness and ability to resist environmental degradation, making structures more long-lasting.

PVC is also used in electrical applications, such as insulation for cables and wires. This is due to its excellent insulating properties and ability to withstand mechanical stress, offering safety and reliability in electrical installations.

In addition to these, PVC is used in the manufacture of synthetic leather, which is a cost-effective and durable alternative to genuine leather. This makes it popular in fashion and furniture manufacturing, where it provides a stylish yet practical option.

• Construction materials
• Electrical cable insulation
• Synthetic leather production