Problem 111 - A Complete Resource Book in Chemistry for JEE Main

Question

Match the following $$ \begin{array}{ll} \hline \text { Column-I } & \text { Column-II } \\ \hline \text { (a) Nylon 6, } 6 & \text { (p) Polyester } \\ \text { (b) Dacron } & \text { (q) Polyamide } \\ \text { (c) Teflon } & \text { (r) Condensation polymer } \\ \text { (d) Bakelite } & \text { (s) Addition polymer } \\ & \text { (t) } \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{~F}_{4} \\ \hline \end{array} $$

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) q, (b) p, (c) t, (d) r.

Step 1: Identify the Polymer Types

First, match the polymers in Column-I to their polymer types based on known terminologies. Nylon 6,6 is known as a polyamide (q), Dacron is a type of polyester (p), Teflon consists of polytetrafluoroethylene, hence the structural unit is \(\text{C}_2\text{F}_4\) (t), and Bakelite is a phenol-formaldehyde resin, making it a condensation polymer (r).

Step 2: Analyze Polymerization Processes

Match each polymer with the process they undergo for polymerization. Nylon 6,6 is created through condensation polymerization and can be classified as both a polyamide (q) and a condensation polymer (r), but from given pairs, it's more specific to polyamide. Dacron is a polycondensation type and identifiable as a polyester (p). Teflon, made through the addition polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, remains directly tied to \(\text{C}_2\text{F}_4\) (t). Bakelite, which is also a product of condensation polymerization involving phenol and formaldehyde, links to the category of condensation polymer (r) definitively.

Step 3: Conclusion and Match Synthesis

Thus, each polymer matches as follows: (a) Nylon 6,6 matches with (q) Polyamide; (b) Dacron matches with (p) Polyester; (c) Teflon matches with (t) \(\text{C}_2\text{F}_4\); (d) Bakelite matches with (r) Condensation polymer. This utilizes the most appropriate relationship between column entries.

Key Concepts

Polyamide

Polyamides are a unique family of polymers characterized by the presence of amide bonds (-CO-NH-) in their molecular structure. These bonds form when an amine group reacts with a carboxylic acid group, releasing water molecules during the process. This makes polyamides a type of condensation polymer, a concept we'll touch on more later.

Popular polyamides include materials like Nylon, among which Nylon 6,6 is very famous. These polyamides are known for their strength, rigidity, and resistance to wear, making them excellent for use in textiles and engineering plastics.

• Characteristics: Polyamides are strong, resistant to temperature and chemicals, and have a high melting point.
• Applications: They are used in fibers for clothing, carpets, and as industrial plastics.

Understanding polyamides is crucial in industries that require durable, long-lasting materials.

Polyester

Polyesters are a group of polymers that are formed by the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid with a diol. Unlike polyamides, the key functional group in polyesters is an ester link (-COO-). This feature is what gives them their name.

Polyesters like Dacron are widely praised for their versatility, strength, and resistance to stretching. They are extensively used in fabrics, giving textiles durability and ease of care, as well as in plastic bottles and films.

• Main features: Resistance to wear and tear, ease of maintenance, and recyclable nature.
• Common Uses: Utilized in the textile industry, packaging, and as reinforcement in tires.

Learning about the role of polyesters helps in appreciating everyday materials like clothing and packaging.

Condensation polymer

Condensation polymers are formed through the reaction of monomers with two functional groups, where small molecules like water or methanol are released as byproducts. This type of polymerization is crucial in creating strong and stable polymers like polyamides and polyesters.

These polymers, including famous examples like Bakelite, are known for their extensive applications due to their strong and stable nature.

• Formation process: Involves step-growth polymerization which creates long polymer chains.
• Attributes: High durability and enhanced thermal stability.

Condensation polymers form the backbone of many synthetic materials used in construction and home products, reinforcing their essential role in modern industries.

Addition polymer

Addition polymers are made by the process of addition polymerization, where monomers add to each other without the loss of any small molecules. This process often involves the use of molecules containing double bonds.

Common examples include substances like Teflon, which is incredibly resistant to heat and chemical reactions, making it invaluable in non-stick cookware and plumbing tape.

• Core Attributes: High resistance to heat, chemicals, and abrasion.
• Applications: Widely applied in coatings, lubricants, and insulation materials.

Understanding addition polymers offers insight into materials technology, emphasizing their significance in creating highly resistant and durable goods.