Problem 11 - 43 Years JEE ADVANCED (1978-2020) + JEE MAIN Chapterwise & Topicwise Solved Papers Chemistry

Question

Match the following: (i) Riboflavin (a) Beriberi (ii) Thiamine (b) Scurvy (iii) Pyridoxine (c) Cheilosis (iv) Ascorbic acid (d) Convulsions (a) (i) \(-(\mathrm{a})\), (ii) \(-(\mathrm{d})\), (iii) \(-(\mathrm{c})\), (iv) \(-(\mathrm{b})\) (b) (i) \(-(\mathrm{c})\), (ii) \(-(\mathrm{d})\), (iii) \(-(\mathrm{a})\), (iv) \(-(\mathrm{b})\) (c) (i) \(-(\mathrm{c})\), (ii) \(-(\mathrm{a}),(\mathrm{iii})-(\mathrm{d})\), (iv) \(-(\mathrm{b})\) (d) (i) \(-(\mathrm{d})\), (ii) \(-(\mathrm{b})\), (iii) \(-(\mathrm{a})\), (iv) \(-(\mathrm{c})\)

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

Option (c) is correct.

Step 1: Understanding Nutrient Deficiencies - Riboflavin

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) deficiency is primarily associated with a condition called cheilosis, which is characterized by cracks and sores at the corners of the mouth. Therefore, match (i) Riboflavin with (c) cheilosis.

Step 2: Understanding Nutrient Deficiencies - Thiamine

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency leads to a disease known as beriberi, which affects the cardiovascular, nervous, and muscular systems. Therefore, match (ii) Thiamine with (a) beriberi.

Step 3: Understanding Nutrient Deficiencies - Pyridoxine

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) deficiency can cause neurological problems, such as convulsions, especially in infants. Therefore, match (iii) Pyridoxine with (d) convulsions.

Step 4: Understanding Nutrient Deficiencies - Ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic acid, commonly known as Vitamin C, is associated with scurvy, a disease characterized by anemia, debility, and, in severe cases, open wounds. Therefore, match (iv) Ascorbic acid with (b) scurvy.

Step 5: Choosing the Correct Option

After analyzing each nutrient deficiency, match them as follows: (i) - (c), (ii) - (a), (iii) - (d), (iv) - (b). Based on this, choose option (c) as it correctly represents these pairs.

Key Concepts

Riboflavin

Riboflavin, also known as Vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays an essential role in energy production and the maintenance of healthy skin and eyes. It is a key component of two major coenzymes that help in cellular energy production. A deficiency in riboflavin can lead to a condition called cheilosis, where individuals experience cracks and sores at the corners of the mouth. This is because riboflavin is crucial in maintaining healthy mucous membranes.

Aside from cheilosis, riboflavin deficiency might also cause other symptoms, such as:

• Sore throat
• Swelling and redness of the lining of the mouth and throat

Include riboflavin-rich foods, such as dairy products, eggs, green leafy vegetables, and whole grains, in your diet to prevent these symptoms and support your overall health.

Thiamine

Thiamine, also referred to as Vitamin B1, is crucial for the body's energy metabolism and the proper functioning of nerve cells. It is especially important for metabolizing carbohydrates, which serve as a major energy source for the body. A deficiency in thiamine leads to a condition known as beriberi, which can have severe effects on the cardiovascular, nervous, and muscular systems.

Beriberi can be classified into two types:

• Wet beriberi, which affects the heart and circulatory system, leading to heart failure and fluid retention.
• Dry beriberi, which affects the nervous system and can result in nerve damage, muscle weakness, and even paralysis in extreme cases.

Consumption of thiamine-rich foods like whole grains, pork, seeds, and nuts is essential to prevent thiamine deficiency and ensure your body functions smoothly.

Pyridoxine

Pyridoxine, more commonly known as Vitamin B6, is a crucial nutrient involved in various bodily functions, including amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin production. A deficiency in pyridoxine can cause neurological symptoms such as convulsions, particularly in infants, due to its role in brain function.

In addition to convulsions, a lack of pyridoxine can also lead to:

• Depression and confusion
• Weakened immune function
• Anemia, due to its role in hemoglobin production

To avoid pyridoxine deficiency, include foods such as chickpeas, bananas, potatoes, and fish in your diet. These foods are excellent sources of Vitamin B6 and can help support your body's overall health.

Ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic acid, also known as Vitamin C, is a vital nutrient with antioxidant properties that supports the immune system and promotes the health of skin, teeth, and bones. It also aids in collagen synthesis, a protein essential for wound healing and blood vessel integrity. A deficiency in ascorbic acid leads to scurvy, a disease characterized by anemia, debility, and in severe cases, gum disease and skin problems.

Symptoms of scurvy can include:

• Swollen and bleeding gums
• Joint and muscle pain
• Fatigue and irritability

To prevent scurvy and maintain good health, consume plenty of Vitamin C-rich foods like citrus fruits, strawberries, bell peppers, and broccoli. This will ensure you meet the daily recommended intake and support vital bodily functions.