12.88P - Chemistry: Molecular Nature Of Matter And Change

Question

Of the five major types of crystalline solid, which does each of the following forms, and why: (a) Ni; (b) F₂; (c) CH₃OH; (d) Sn; (e) Si; (f) Xe?

Step-by-Step Solution

Answer

(a) Metallic

(b) Molecular

(c) Molecular

(d) Metallic

(e) Covalent

(f) Molecular

Step 1: Some types of crystalline solids

Covalent solids are crystalline solids with atoms as the entities bonded by a covalent bond.

 

Ionic solids are solid with ions as constituent entities bonded by electrostatic force.

 

Molecular solids are crystalline solids with molecules bonded with van der wall forces.

 

Metallic solids are crystalline solid with metal as the constituent atoms bonded with metallic bonds.

Step 2: Nickel

Nickel is a metal where Ni atoms are bonded to Ni atoms with metallic bonding. Hence, the compound structure is metallic solid.

Step 3: Fluorine

Fluorine is a molecular compound in which the constituent ions are fluorine atoms bonded with molecular bonding. Hence, the compound structure is molecular solid.

Step 4: Methanol

Methanol is a covalent compound with constituent atoms being carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Thus, the structure is a covalent crystalline solid.

Step 5: Tin

Tin is a metal where Ti atoms are bonded to Ti atoms with metallic bonding. Hence, the compound structure is metallic solid.

Step 6: Silicon

Silicon is a covalent compound with Si as the constituent atoms, thus the structure is crystalline covalent solid.

Step 7: Xenon

Xenon is a molecular compound with the structure being a crystalline molecular solid.